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knowledge to fit local environments and needs. Technology requires adaptation 

 to a unique social, economic, and political as well as technical environment. 

 Also, it tends to change that environment, often quite rapidly, so that mutual 

 adaptation of technology and environment is a continuing and dynamic process - 



LDC relations with multinational corporations also require local 

 capability. The bulk of industrial technology is transferred to LDC's through 

 private investment by international firms. To be in a position to work 

 effectively with technologically-advanced companies without losing control of 

 the nature of the resulting development or being exploited economically, 

 presupposes the technological ability to set realistic objectives, negotiate 

 technical contracts, weigh often esoteric choices, and in general be fully 

 aware of technological /economic options. 



Thus, a significant and growing indigenous capability in developing 

 countries is required. And, it must embrace basic science as well as 

 technology, for without the insight and self-confidence created by an 

 indigenous scientific community a developing country will lack the ability to 

 control its own technological development. 



In short, what is required is both greater allocation of RAD resources to 

 development problems in advanced countries, especially in the U.S., and the 

 building and strengthening of indigenous capability in developing countries. 



The ability of the U.S. to date to help in either of these efforts is 

 seriously limited, both because of the low level of resources allocated, and 

 because of the institutional and policy constraints that deter or prevent 

 effective commitment of scientific and technological resources for other than 

 "domestic" purposes. At present, essentially all RAD devoted to problems of 



