188 ANNALS NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 



Table 1 



1. Goals: How to Define the Subjects? 



• Power and welfare among "the worlds" 



• Deterrence and defense 



• International security and peacekeeping 



• East-West issues 



• North-South issues 



• Global concerns and principles 



• Historical trends 



• Future stresses 



2. Policy Puzzles: The Urgent, the Important, and the Uncertain 



• Competing geopolitical views 



• Economic models, policies, consequences 



• Priorities for resource allocation 



• Realistic time-tables for results 



• Evaluation and output indicators 



• Cross<uts on every S&T policy 



• Infrastructure of ideas 



3. United States Patterns: Turning a Corner or Turning Away? 



• Congress 



• Executive branch 



• Industry and organized labor 



• Universities 



• Media, public understanding, influential ideas 



4. International Patterns: Centripetal or Centrifugal Forces? 



• Bilateral arrangements 



• Alliances, regional systems, coalitions 



• UN system 



5. Illustrative 5-Year Priorities: What is S&T in (for) "Foreign" Policy? 



• Traditional missions of national governments 



• New missions linking industrialized nations 



• Economic competition 



• Cooperation with LDCs 



• New initiatives for policy-analysis 



Goals: How to Define the Subjects? 



The first heading states the main question I have already introduced: 

 In considering the goals of foreign policy, how can we bound the many 

 global subjects and complex international programs that depend in part 

 upon science and technology? 



For example, goals related to power are still significant for most offi- 

 cials responsible for foreign policy. An astute French observer com- 

 mented some years ago that "neither legions nor raw material nor capital 

 are any longer the signs of instruments of power. Force today is the 



