912 



27 



for program costs (projects and staff) plus overhead is approximately 

 .tlT.a million — the U.S. share (25 percent) would be $4.3 million. 

 Restricting attention to only program costs ($10.5 million), the U.S. 

 share (25 percent) would be about $2.6 million per year. Other 

 "outside" sources of support total more than $17.8 million per year. 



It is proposed that support be provided UNESCO-related program 

 activities through a variety of alternative interim arrangements at 

 an indicative annual budget of $3.5 million per year. 



Research, Training, and International 

 Cooperation in the Natural Sciences (VI. 1) 



Assessment/Potential Impacts 



This program area, involving international cooperative activities 

 directed toward the advancement of knowledge and the strengthening of 

 national research and training capabilities, is important to the health 

 of world science. Program activities include a variety of advanced 

 research and training courses in mathematics, physics, chemistry, and 

 biology either on a regional basis or at international centers; univer- 

 sity curricula development projects in the sciences; and support of 

 regional and international scientific cooperation through subventions 

 and grants to NGOs and universities. The long-standing collaborative 

 arrangement between UNESCO and nongovernmental science organizations 

 permits the building of more effective global networks of researchers 

 at the frontiers of science; this leads, in turn, to fostering the 

 development of infrastructures in the Third World. At the same time, 

 increasing attention is being given to supporting activities in the 

 regular UNESCO science programs to meet the specific needs of developing 

 countries. 



The current annual UNESCO budget for program costs (projects and 

 staff) plus overhead is approximately $6.8 million; of this, the U.S. 

 share would be $1.7 million. Considering program costs only ($4.1 

 million), the U.S. share would be about $1 million per year. Other 

 "outside" sources of support, primarily UNDP, contribute more than 

 $4.9 million per year, or somewhat more than the total for the regular 

 UNESCO program. 



This program area contains a large number of training and support 

 activities involving the scientific unions and international centers 

 such as the Trieste International Center for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) , 

 and the Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health. Specialized 

 organizations such as the International Cell Research Organization 

 (ICRO) , the International Brain Research Organization (IBRO) , and the 

 newly formed International Organization for Chemistry for Development 

 (lOCD) provide advanced research training and services in support of 

 the needs of the developing world. A large number of U.S. scientists 

 are involved as teachers in an environment that encourages learning on 

 the part of all participants. 



Given the role of the International Council of Scientific Unions 

 (ICSU) in the advancement of basic scientific research and in bringing 



