1037 



24 SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL COOPERATION 



ety. Chicago: Rand McNally and Co., p. 510-518. Also information furnished by Dr. 

 Killian from private conversation and forthcoming memoirs. 



7. See, in this regard, National Research Council. 1982. Scientific Communication and 

 National Security. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. 



8. Dickson, David. 1984. A Political Push for Scientific Cooperation. Science 224: 1317- 

 1319. 



9. Office of Science and Technology Policy, in cooperation with the National Science 

 Foundation. 1982. Annual Science and Technology Report to the Congress 1981. 

 Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, p. 54. 



10. It is significant, however, that $2 million of this increase is committed to the recently 

 signed U.S. -India joint S&T agreement. 



11. U.S. National Commission for the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cul- 

 tural Organization (UNESCO). 1982. A Critical Assessment of U.S. Participation in 

 UNESCO. Department of State Publication 9297. International Organization and 

 Conference Series 158. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. 



12. Letter from U.S. Secretary of State George P. Shultz to UNESCO Director General 

 Amadow Mahtar M'Bow, December 28, 1983, pp. 1-2. 



13. For further discussion of this subject, see Eugene G. Kovach. 1978. U.S. Government 

 Participation in the Science and Technology Programs of Selected Multilateral Orga- 

 nizations. Washington, D.C.: Division of Policy Research and Analysis, National Sci- 

 ence Foundation. 



14. Scheinman, p. 535. 



15. Committee on Foreign Affairs and on Science and Technology. 1982. Science, Tech- 

 nology, and American Diplomacy. 1982. Third Annual Report Submitted to the Con- 

 gress by the President Pursuant to Section 503(b) of Title V of P.L. 95-426. Washing- 

 ton, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. 



16. Hawkins, Robert. 1982. Technical cooperation and industrial growth: A survey of the 

 economic issues. In Herbert 1. Fusfeld and Carmela S. Haklisch, eds. Industrial Pro- 

 ductivity and International Technical Cooperation. New York: Pergamon Press, p. 

 18. 



17. Ibid., p. 18. 



18. Ibid., pp. 21-23. 



19. See, for example, M. J. Mulkay. 1977. Sociology of the scientific research community. 

 In Ina Spiegel-Rosing and Derek de Solla Price, eds. Science, Technology, and Soci- 

 ety. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications. See also Diana Crane. 1972. Invisible College. 

 Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 



20. National Science Board. 1981. In Science Indicators — 1981, pp. 41-44. 



21. Data provided by the Council for International Exchange of Scholars, Washington, 

 D.C., June 10, 1983. 



22. National Research Council, pp. 103-107. 



23. Ibid., pp. 1-8. 



24. See, for example, Brigitte Schroeder-Gudehus. Science, technology and foreign pol- 

 icy. In Spiegel-Rosing and de Solla Price, eds., pp. 485-486. See also Eugene B. Skolni- 

 koff. History of U.S. Government Organization for Conduct of Foreign Policy in 

 Technology-Related Subjects. C/75-20. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Center for Interna- 

 tional Studies. 



25. Thinking in this section benefitted from material contained in Peter ]. Kortman, and 

 Stephen O. Dean. An Analysis of Potential Benefits to the United States from Interna- 

 tional Cooperation in Fusion Energy Development. See also Scheinman. 



26. Scheinman, p. 534. 



