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132 SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL COOPERATION 



for differences that will still attract powerful U.S. interests to LEP; on 

 the whole, SLC and LEP should be seen as complementary facilities. 



CERN's organizational structure, owing to the multinational support 

 it enjoys, differs considerably from that of American laboratories: its 

 governing body is the Council. Each member state has two delegates in 

 the Council, usually one scientist and one representative of its govern- 

 ment. The Council determines the outlines of the scientific policies and 

 its relations with the member states. It has to pass the CERN budget, 

 supervises all financial, legal, and personnel matters, and appoints the 

 director-general. 



The Scientific Policy Committee, consisting of scientists without 

 regard to their national origin, advises the Council on scientific matters 

 and on their importance for the CERN program. Its membership in- 

 cludes the chairmen of the experimental committees that are responsible 

 for the examination of experiment proposals submitted to the 

 laboratory. Experiments are approved or disapproved, upon the recom- 

 mendation of the appropriate experiment committee (of which there is 

 one for each large accelerator) by the Research Board. This board, 

 chaired by the director-general and also containing CERN's research 

 directors and scientific divisional leaders, carries ultimate responsibility 

 for definition and realization of the experimental program of the 

 laboratory. 



The CERN management is headed by the director-general, whose 

 term of office usually extends over 5 years. The director-general is a 

 scientist who has considerable executive privileges, but usually comes 

 from outside the laboratory and usually returns to a position outside the 

 laboratory after his term. There has been only one extension of the term 

 of office of a director-general. The director-general need not come from 

 a member state. 



The distribution in national origins of CERN scientific personnel, 

 coming mostly but not exclusively from member states, is not necessari- 

 ly representative of the importance of their home countries in CERN 

 support. Out of a total of some 6,000 people working at the laboratory, 

 some 3,500 are full-time employees (the top echelons of which enjoy 

 diplomatic status, on a par with the leading employees of other interna- 

 tional organizations); the remainder are fellows, visitors, or people 

 working at CERN for outside laboratories. 



The financial resources needed for the operation of CERN are deter- 

 mined by a standing committee, the Finance Committee, and then are 

 agreed upon by the Council every year; a 5-year projection of expen- 

 ditures is passed by the Council, providing for due notice to national 

 governments. The member states contribute to the CERN budget in pro- 



