1115 



DEEP SEA DRILLING 169 



2. Institutional nominations, particularly to the Planning Commit- 

 tee, have consistently allowed effective, senior, active scientists from 

 each country to make the scientific decisions. These people care about 

 the program and have done the hard work required to make it function 

 and to justify and defend it before their peers and the funding agencies. 



3. Both U.S. and non-U. S. members have consistently sent senior 

 scientific administrators to Executive Committee meetings. These in- 

 dividuals have had the authority to make major commitments on behalf 

 of their institutions and countries. They have been able to resolve many 

 policy issues without having to seek approval from their parent 

 organizations. The long tenure of several key Executive Committee 

 members, notably Jacques Debyser from France and Nori Nasu from 

 Japan, have given the committee a corporate memory and developed a 

 level of mutual trust among its members that have allowed it to resolve 

 nationally sensitive issues expeditiously and without rancor. The 

 creative tension between the more conservative Executive Committee 

 and the less inhibited Planning Commi4:tee has been particularly useful 

 in exposing all aspects of many thorny problems to vigorous debate. 



THE FUTURE 



The proposed new Ocean Drilling Program (ODP), a 10-year plan for 

 scientific ocean drilling from a larger and more sophisticated ship, will 

 again require international support for its long-term success. The United 

 States is planning to fund the preparation of the ship over a 1-year 

 hiatus in drilling during FY 1984 and probably can fund the initiation of 

 drilling in FY 1985. During this initial period, NSF will have to move 

 rapidly to negotiate bilaterals, not only with the four currently active 

 IPOD partners, but with one or two new members (perhaps consortia). 

 The long-term U.S. commitment, in principle, to the ODP, which never 

 existed for IPOD, should facilitate international agreements. 



CONCLUSION 



The creation of IPOD was enormously simplified by the existence of a 

 successful drilling program (DSDP). This allowed non-U. S. members to 

 "buy into" a technically proven and scientifically productive program 

 with minimal risk. The existence of a large community of interested, 

 knowledgeable scientists in each prospective member country provided 

 the funding agencies with a ready source of information on the value of 

 the program. Finally, in the case of the USSR, the existence of very- 

 high-level diplomatic agreements on marine science provided an um- 



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