STRUCTURES IN LANDSCAPE 229 



given a pleasant texture, more or less in imitation of tile, by being scored 

 into small rectangular sections, and perhaps having small tiles set in 

 at certain intersections of these scored lines, in some simple pattern. 

 The color of concrete may be modified by the use of various pigments 

 in powdered form, but this should be done in moderation, both because 

 too much of the pigment is likely to injure the concrete, and because 

 the brighter colors are likely to be harsh and unpleasant in a pavement. 

 Brick maybe used for roads, brick and tile for paths, giving a great 

 range of tones of terra-cotta and gray and yellow. The texture of the 

 material itself gives a great deal of choice, from the smooth surface of 

 tile through the surface of water-struck, sand-struck, and wire-cut 

 brick to brick surfaces pressed into patterns and textures or projecting 

 lugs. The larger texture of the separate blocks and their cement 

 mortar joints gives an opportunity not only for simple variation of sur- 

 face but for patterns of any degree of complexity. In roads, a simple 

 laj'ing of the bricks breaking joints, with their long dimension across 

 the road, is usually best. Any pattern of recognizable forms, ex- 

 cept perhaps two stripes accenting the sides of the road, is likely to 

 be wasted in a long road, particularly if the traffic is fast. In paths, 

 many interesting patterns may be wrought out by the use of brick or 

 tile or both in combination.* In larger paved areas at the junction 

 of paths or at the foot of steps, or on terraces, for instance, where some 

 further interest of surface is desirable, more elaborate patterns may be 

 used and even a greater diversity of material, perhaps with the intro- 

 duction of slabs of marble or of glazed tile in various colors. Stone 

 laid in flat slabs is a paving which lends itself particularly to the con- 

 struction of garden paths and which is much used for this purpose, 

 especially in England. There is a great choice of color and texture, and 

 the more the slabs are worn, the better they are likely to appear; in- 

 deed, some particularly pleasant walks in our modern American gardens 

 have been made from the worn and discarded stones of the sidewalk 

 of a nearby city. Stone slab paving may be arranged in formal shapes 

 or it may be laid as it comes from the quarry, rectilinear only where 

 it comes on the outside edge of the walk. When laid in loam, the 



* See illustrations in Jekyll and Weaver, Gardens for Small Country Houses, Chapter 

 XV, Methods of Paving, p. 1 71-178. 



