24 Landscape Gardening 



In every case proper means should be provided for getting 

 the coal and other fuel in and for taking out the accumu- 

 lating ashes in such a way as not to necessitate crossing long 

 distances of lawn with heavily loaded teams. The bulkhead 

 or entrance into the cellar should therefore be located with 

 this in view. 



As far as possible all vegetables and fruit should be stored 

 in the cellar of some outbuilding or in some frostproof 

 vegetable or fruit room above ground, and except for the 

 furnace and the fuel-supply a cellar is not a necessity in 

 building the modern house. 



Where perfect drainage can be obtained at little expense, 

 under many conditions the cellar is desirable, and the space 

 provided by its construction is much more cheaply obtained 

 than in any other part of the building. Upon side-hills 

 where basement rooms can be constructed, the space be- 

 comes still more valuable for kitchen, laundry, and other 

 purposes. 



The surface-drainage of all water from the roofs and all 

 surrounding land should be first provided for by proper 

 grading, so that it shall pass off quickly and without wash- 

 ing of the soil. The water from the roof should never be 

 allowed to fall from the eaves to the ground near the foun- 

 dations, but should be conducted in pipes and gutters as 

 far away as is possible. Where the slope is very abrupt 

 from the house, underground conduits should be provided 

 to prevent surface-washing. Subdrainage should be pro- 

 vided along the inside of the cellar walls, and deep enough 

 below the bottom to make it perfectly dry. If the soil 

 outside is naturally wet or springy, a line of tile should be 

 placed at such distance and depth as to make this satis- 

 factory. With a cellar bottom thus drained outside and in, 

 and carefully concreted with cement and sand, the most 

 healthful condition possible will be provided. 



