288 Landscape Gardening 



in any good garden soil. Each clump should have sufficient 

 space, as they become 2 or 3 feet across when fully de- 

 veloped, which is not until three or four years after planting. 

 The finest flowers are produced on young or recently divided 

 plants, but for landscape effect the large, old clumps are 

 most satisfactory. The frequency of transplanting will be 

 determined by the rate the centers of the clumps become 

 w^ak or die out. The phloxes are benefited if mulched with 

 strawy manure during winter. The clumps should be kept 

 free from grass. They are propagated by division in the 

 fall after growth has ceased or by means of cuttings of young 

 shoots. The phloxes grow readily from seed, and inferior 

 seedlings springing up around the clumps should be de- 

 stroyed, since they often choke out the parent plants, pro- 

 ducing the so-called ''running out." 



Pink {Dianthus sp.). — This large genus contains many 

 species adapted to the flower border and the rock gar- 

 den. They all like a warm soil, and the perennial species 

 prefer one that does not become too wet, especially in 

 winter. All are easily grown from seed. Among the 

 well-known forms are the Sweet William {D. barbatus), 

 which is one of the oldest garden flowers; common grass 

 pink {D. plumarius), sl low-growing, turfy plant suitable for 

 edging beds or borders; Chinese pink {D. Chinensis), a more 

 or less creeping plant wdth large showy flowers. This species 

 has given a race of showy garden pinks, D. Heddewigii, which, 

 however, are treated practically as annuals; although they 

 will live over winter and flower the second summer. The 

 carnation of the florists {D. carophyllus) is not hardy, and 

 the English hardy border carnations are practically unknown 

 in America. 



Plume Poppy {Bocconia cor data). — An excellent plant for 

 producing subtropical effects. The leaves are deeply lobed, 

 of a glaucous green color, and the flowers are in plume-like 



