326 Landscape Gardening 



quickly washed off by heavy rains, and to prevent this Hme 

 is used with it, forming what is known as the 



Bordeaux Mixture. — Formula: 4 pounds copper sul- 

 phate, 6 pounds caustic (unslaked) lime, and 50 gallons 

 water. 



By combining the copper and lime it is found that the 

 copper sulphate may be used more freely and with less injury 

 than if used alone, and that it will adhere a long time to 

 the foliage. To make the Bordeaux mixture, dissolve the 

 copper in hot water (or if placed in a coarse sack or basket 

 and suspended in a tub of cold water it will dissolve in two 

 or three hours, while if put in cold water on the bottom 

 of a tub or vessel it remains undissolved for a long time). 

 Then in a separate tub slake the lime thoroughly and when 

 both are cold pour the two together, stirring constantly. 

 Dilute with water to make 50 gallons of liquid. In this 

 form it is more difficult to apply than a simple solution, 

 but the lime causes it to adhere for a long time and spray- 

 ing need not be so frequently done. Before using, the 

 mixture should be strained through a burlap or fine wire 

 strainer to take out the coarse particles in the lime. The 

 Vermorel or some other adjustable nozzle that will throw 

 a very fine spray or mist must be used to distribute the 

 material evenly and without waste over the surface of the 

 plants. 



If insects are found attacking the plants to be treated 

 for fungous growths, Paris green or arsenate of lead may be 

 added to the Bordeaux mixture at the rate of from 5 to 8 

 pounds to 100 gallons of the mixture, and, as stated on 

 a previous page, the lime will prevent this large quan- 

 tity of the arsenate from burning the foliage and two pests 

 be destroyed at one spraying. Arsenate of lead has largely 

 taken the place of Paris green as an insecticide, as it can 

 be used in larger quantities. In water 5 to 7 pounds may 



