iRocfcs an& Mater. 121 



labor and l>y filling in the excavated soil in near-by places 

 where the shore is higher. 



The shore may be either a gradual, grassy slope or an 

 abrupt and rocky declivity or a combination of both. 

 Where the water widens into small bays the shores are gen- 

 erally low and level, forming soft lawns or grassy meadows. 

 A considerable sheet of water when formal and rounded 

 iu outline will look small and insignificant especially if 

 bordered by a tall growth of trees, whereas small bodies of 





FIQ. 69.— PONDLIKE CISTERN WITH FOUNTAIN. 



water will look much larger than they really are if the 

 shores are of a sinuous outline and hidden from view in 

 parts, and if the surface of the soil is but slightly elevated 

 above the water, with very gradual slopes. The effect will 

 in all cases be modified either favorably or unfavorably, by 

 plantations of trees and shrubs. The trees must of neces- 

 sity be proportionate to the width and extent of the water. 

 Low and bold promontories may be planted with such 

 light-foliaged trees as birch or willow with the trunks ex- 

 posed to view in places and admitting of glimpses of water 

 through the foliage and between the trunks ; open lawns 



