191 



therefore be kept in mind. It also requires a judgment, not 

 only on the maximum population of the species, but on the 

 maximum total productivity of the environment including all 

 constituent elements." 28 



Numerous witnesses also emphasized the importance of 



continued management to the health of ecosystems in light of 



existing human interference. Thomas L. Kimball, then 



Executive Director of the National Wildlife Federation, 



expressed this position with exceptional emphasis. 



Modern man . . . has so disrupted our planet 

 and ecology, poisoned and polluted the 

 environment, that the only hope for much of the 

 world's wildlife is for man to utilize his 

 great powers of reason, science, technology, 

 and persuasion to overcome or minimize the 

 adverse impact of his own intrusion into the 

 plant and animal ecosystem. 29 



Dr. G. Carleton Ray wrote to the Senate subcommittee, 

 " [i]t must be apparent that man has already perturbed all of 

 the earth's ecosystems and it is now our clear duty, as 

 conservationists, to protect the future health of these 

 ecosystems by managing them wisely at an international 

 level." 30 In his oral testimony before the House, Dr. Ray 



■"118 Cong. Rec. 25,258 (1972). 



29 House Hearings, at 75. 



30 Qcean Mammal Protection: Hearings on S. 685. et al.. Before the 

 Subcomm. on Oceans and Atmosphere of the Senate Comm. on Commerce . 92d 

 Cong.,' 2d Sess. 836 (1972) [hereinafter Senate Hearings). 



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