170 MAKKET GAKDENING. 



sulky plows, on which the plowman rides, from forty- 

 five to sixty dollars. In these different makes are varia- 

 tions in the arrangement of the handles and beams, but 

 the principal difference consists in the length, angle, twist 

 or curve of the mould-board, the adjustment of the share 

 or point, and the ease of draft. It sometimes happens 

 that the plow most popular or which seems to be adapted 

 to one particular section does not have the same reputa- 

 tion in another. 



This sometimes arises in a great measure from local 

 fancy or prejudice, sometimes from different conditions 

 of soil. 



A good plow is a necessity to good farming, and the 

 farmer will do best to select one that has proved to be 

 adapted to his locality and is known to his plowmen. 



Hillside Plows. —Besides the ordinary farm or 

 level land plow, is the hillside or swivel plow, arranged 

 to have the mould-board and point swing on either side 

 of the beam, so that the furrow slice may be turned 

 down hill and all the furrows lap in one direction, to pre- 

 vent washing. This form of plow is sometimes used for 

 level land plowing, as it leaves the field without a center 

 or dead furrow, and for that reason the small sizes are 

 often preferred by market gardeners. The sizes made 

 are adapted to one, two, three or four horses, and ju'ices 

 range from five to twenty-five dollars. 



Subsoil Plows. — These are used to follow the fur- 

 row made by the surface plows. The object of the sub- 

 soil plowing is to open and loosen the strata beneath the 

 furrow of the ordinary plow, that the soil may be deep- 

 ened, drained, and consequently made warmer. As a 

 rule it is desirable to simply open the soil, as stirring up 

 and mixing the upper and lower strata generally proves 

 injurious, except when done with great caution. The 

 depth of oj^ening attained by subsoil plows varies from 

 fifteen to twenty inches. Sizes are made to suit one to 



