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13. In your testimony, you discuss the New Jersey demonstration project included in the 

 Water Resources Development Act. Do you think that there is a need for more 

 demonstration projects? 



Answer: Yes. See Answer to Question 12 above. 



14. Is the port authority involved in the siting of mud dump sites as well as other 

 disposal sites for dredged material? 



Answer: This question relates directly to the activities Port Authority of New York and 



New Jersey. On a national level, it is the responsibility of the EPA to work 

 with the Corps to identify and designate appropriate open water disposal sites. 

 WRDA '92 required that EPA designate all ocean disposal sites and establish 

 monitoring and management plans for those sites. However, AAPA is 

 concerned that given the budget currently proposed for EPA adequate funding 

 and personnel will not be provided to EPA's ocean dumping program to meet 

 the deadlines required by WRDA '92 . 



15. It is my understanding that there have been success stories associated with the 

 disposal of dredged material. For example, in Mobile, AL a island was created out 

 of dredged spoil. This in turn has become a Wildlife Refuge. Can you highlight 

 other similar instances? Is this unique? 



Answer: Dredged material can, in many cases, be a valuable beneficial resource. It 



should be pointed out the Gaillard Island created in Mobile, AL for the 

 disposal of dredged material has not only become the home of endangered 

 Brown Pelicans but it continues to be used as a dredged disposal area. 

 Dredged material has also been used as landfill to create additional expansion 

 areas for port and other development. In Louisiana, dredged material is often 

 used for bank stabilization and wetlands creation. Similarly, the San 

 Francisco Bay area ports are exploring the use of dredged material to help 

 create the Sonoma Bay Wetlands. In Tacoma, WA., an agreement has been 

 reached with the resource agencies where the port will contribute $12 million 

 dollars to remove contaminated sediments from the bay. Dredged material 

 can also be utilized in some cases for beach nourishment, as well to create in 

 water berms to discourage erosion of beach areas. Opportunities for the 

 beneficial use of dredged material are, however, circumscribed by the lack of 

 funding. 



16. It is my understanding that the American Association of Port Authorities is currently 

 finalizing a National Dredged Material Management and Proposed Disposal Policy. 

 Can you discuss some of the recommendations of this proposal? 



Answer: See Answer to Question 1 above. 



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