TIME KEQUIRED FOR PRODUCING GOOD EFFECTS. 21 



they may, by fair management, reach a higbt of from 

 twice to three times as many feet in ten years from 

 planting. The difference lies in matters tliat ordinarily 

 are in a large degree within our control. When trees 

 remain almost at a standstill for a long time, it indicates 

 either that they were of poor quality Avhen planted ; or, 

 in rare cases, that the soil cannot be fitted to meet their 

 wants, but very commonly that they are deprived of the 

 food and moisture they Avould appropriate if they had a 

 chance. Trees and plants are much Hke animals in this; 

 that they may either be starved to death, or they may be 

 liberally suj^plied with food and have proper care, to pro- 

 duce the most satisfactory results as to development and 

 beauty. As a general thing, deep trenching or subsoil- 

 ing, with liberal manuring, and then thorough culture 

 if the trees and shrubs are growing in borders, or free 

 watering if standing in the sod in seasons of drouth, are 

 the things needful for producing the best returns. Be- 

 cause these points are not better heeded, three-fourths of 

 all the trees and shrubs in private grounds are set out 

 poorly, grow slowly, and hardly make a decent showing 

 in a life-time. 



To show what growth may be expected in trees and 

 shrubs under fair treatment, I give some measurements 

 made in Buffalo Park of trees and shrubs, which were 

 planted seven and eight years before : 



American Elm, 19 ft. high, 15 ft. broad. 



Silver Maple, 2-3 '* '« 



Norway Maple, 17 *' " 



Sugar Maple, 16 " " 



White Poplar, 30 " " 



Balsam Poplar, 35 " " 



Lombardy Poplar, 40 " '* 



Norway Spruce, 16 '* ** 8 ft. broad. 



Black and White Pines, 12 to 15 " " 



Strong-growing Shrubs, 5 " 12 " " 



Dwarf-growiug Snrubs, 2 " 4 " *' 



Let it be borne in mind, that these dimensions are for 



growths under what may be considered as ordinarily fair 



