188 ORNAMENTAL GARDENlNa. 



scattering and intermingling of these between such 

 group-centers, something as is shown in figure 30, which 

 illustrates a natural arrangement. 



From this largely results the impressive beauty so 

 commonly found in nature, arising from strong individual 

 effects and marked contrasts, as different kinds blend 

 with each other. 



This principle of minor groups within large groups, 

 should often be adopted in garden arrangements. Under 

 most circumstances a dozen or a hundred trees, shrubs, 

 or plants, if arranged on some such basis, will be pro- 

 ductive of immeasurably better effects than the same 

 scattered about or else mixed promiscuously. 



The right idea in the garden is, to bring together such 

 kinds as possess contrasting qualities, arranging these 

 group against group, with a scattering of individuals 

 here and there, but all done for making the distinguish- 

 ing and often strongly marked characteristic of one kind, 

 relieve and offset those of others. As shown in the 

 natural group of figure 30, dark Evergreens may offset 

 the Beeches of lighter foliage, while the colored bark 

 has its effect of contrast, or projecting masses of the 

 former stand against the Maples with finely contrasting 

 shrubs to the front. 



Purple Beeches might be brought in conjunction with 

 the light-colored Silver Maples, with dark-green English 

 Elms near by for heavy effect. Some Weeping Willows 

 along the margin of water, may be backed by a few 

 spiry Lombardy Poplars ; pyramidal Spruces, clustered 

 with trees having low, round heads, and so on. 



In shrubs, the small-leaved Privet, or cut-leaved Elder, 

 could go against the large-leaved Viburnums or Weigelas, 

 or we might use the light-green Thunberg's Spiraea, next 

 to the dark-leaved Japan Quince, with the Virginia 

 Fringe, with its large foliage at the back. The pure 

 white flowers of Thunberg's Spiraea also contrast well 



