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-aouat conditions reoresent the cumulative effects, across all ownersnios. cf oast ana 

 cresent lana management activities. For examcie: 



o Coastal Oregon streams on west-siae forestea lands have been aegraded. The 

 amount of beorocK bonom exposed has gone from 30% to 80-90%. Pool-riffle 

 r atios nave gone from about 50:50 to 20:80 or 10:90 baseo on Oregon Game 

 Commission surveys in 1960 and Forest Service surveys in the 1970's. The loss 

 of 50% of deep pools, and complex eoges since late 1960's translates directly 

 nto a 50% loss of summer rearing habitat for juvenile salmonids. Stream channel 

 condition in 77% of the 21 1 miles of anadromous fish habitat in BLM's Salem 

 District of western Oregon fail to meet desired BLM standards. 



c East-side Oregon habitat in the Upper Grande Ronde River Basin has been 

 degraded. 80% of fish habitat fails to meet current Forest Plan stanaards ano 

 guidelines for temperature, sediment, and riparian ccndition. 20% exceeds current 

 Forest Plan standards and guidelines. BLM habitat in the Dasin has undergone 

 similar degradation. 



a Upper Snake River Basin habitat in the deveiooeo portions of the Middle Fork 

 Clearwater and Locnsa Rivers watersnecs on the Clearwater National Forest in 

 Idaho nave been degraded. 70% fail to meet Forest Plan standards and guidelines. 

 Between 1935 and 1992. the number of large poois in the Salmon River Basin 

 has decreased by 52% in managed watersheds and increased by 29% in Wilderness 

 area watersheds. 



"Good" Habitat Conditions Were Defined 



With the help of historic inventory and survey oata. as well as current researcn. "good" 

 anadromous fish habitat conditions have been defined. This was determined by 

 comparing quantitative habitat surveys, completed between 1989 and 1992. with surveys 

 aone by the Bureau of Fisheries, now the National Marine Fisheries Service, between 

 '934 and 1941 on 116 watersheds in Alaska. Idaho. Oregon and Wasnington. "Good" 

 habitat has been defined using physical features as surrogates for the processes that 

 form salmomd habitat. One key feature (pool frequency) and four supporting features 

 (water temperature, amount of large woody debris interacting with stream channels, 

 streambank stability and bank angle, and width to depth ratio of stream channels) are 

 used to describe habitat quality. In "good" habitat, all five features are above the following 

 threshold levels: 



o Pool Frequency (pools per mile). Varies by wetted width of stream. 



Wetted Width: 5 10 15 20 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 

 Pools/Mile: 184 96 70 56 47 26 23 18 14 12 10 9 



o Water Temperature. Compliance with State Water Quality standards generally 



provide adequate protection for salmomd assemblages, except that summer 

 temperatures should be less than 68 degrees F. 



PACFISH Strategy Executive Summary: Page - 5 



