believes that any obligation by either party to redress any equity 

 imbalance should be mitigated by circumstances related to con- 

 servation, natural phenomena, or certain unilateral actions of the 

 other party. 



Pacific Northwest salmon conservation issues also present excep- 

 tional challenges. On April 8 of this year, the Pacific Fishery Man- 

 agement Council, in action to conserve U.S. chinook and coho salm- 

 on stocks, recommended severe restrictions on chinook and coho 

 fisheries off Washington, Oregon and California. The chinook and 

 coho stocks in question are particularly affected by Canadian fish- 

 eries off Vancouver Island in southern British Columbia — Cana- 

 dian fisheries which were the subject of catch limits under expired 

 PSC fishing regimes. The United States has emphasized the need 

 for Canada to reduce its harvest rate on these depleted stocks. 



In view of the extended impasse in PSC negotiations, senior gov- 

 ernment officials of both countries recently undertook extraor- 

 dinary efforts to explore approaches that would address both coun- 

 tries' conservation and equity needs. This initiative focused on 

 ways of facilitating some resolution of PSC issues for the 1994 fish- 

 ing season. Consultations were maintained with the U.S. PSC 

 Commissioners and key State and tribal officials to advance this 

 end. Unfortunately, comprehensive solutions were not achieved. 



For 1994, therefore, in the absence of an interim agreement, the 

 two countries have acknowledged their treaty obligations, particu- 

 larly the obligation set forth in Chapter 7 of Annex IV that "unless 

 otherwise agreed, neither party shall initiate new intercepting fish- 

 eries, nor conduct or redirect fisheries in a manner that inten- 

 tionally increases interceptions". In addition, both countries are 

 committed to act responsibly and observe conservation principles 

 for 1994 fisheries. 



The United States and Canada are still far apart on many key 

 issues. Nevertheless, the Administration is committed to a serious 

 continuing effort to facilitating a resolution to these issues. There 

 are no easy solutions, however, as illustrated by the fact that the 

 Pacific Salmon Treaty took 14 years to negotiate. The U.S. goal 

 since the start of the latest round of negotiations has been the con- 

 clusion of multi-year fishing regimes which respect both conserva- 

 tion and equity. The basis has been laid to resume comprehensive 

 negotiations in September to achieve this goal. Between now and 

 then, we will be working closely with the U.S. Commissioners and 

 State and tribal officials to develop the best approach to these ne- 

 gotiations. 



Thank you again for the opportunity to be here and I would be 

 glad to answer any questions at the appropriate time. 



[The statement of Dr. Matlock can be found at the end of the 

 hearing.] 



Mrs. Unsoeld. I believe you are next, Mr. Derwinski. 



STATEMENT OF HON. EDWARD DERWINSKI, DERWINSKI & 

 ASSOCIATES INTERNATIONAL CONSULTANTS 



Mr. Derwinski. Thank you. Madam Chairman. 



I am Edward Derwinski. I am here because I had an assignment 

 from Secretary of State George Schultz 10 years ago. I was the 

 overseeing negotiator of the 1985 Treaty. And as such, I represent 



