201 



In other instances, quota shares for fisheries which have high bycatch rales and are 

 constrained by bycatch levels could be sold, leased, or traded to "cleaner" fisheries, 

 maximizing economic benefits while meeting conservation goals. For example, the 

 terminal fishery for the productive Skeena River sockeye run is greatly constrained by 

 management concerns for the depressed early Skeena coho. In addition, bycatch of 

 Skeena River sockeye in the District 104 seine fishery has been a source of conflict 

 between the U.S. and Canada. To reduce conflict, harvest quotas for Skeena sockeye 

 could be leased, traded, or sold to "cleaner" fisheries (such as the SEAK fisheries) 

 where Skeena sockeye can be harvested without increasing impacts on the depressed 

 early Skeena coho run. Harvest quota shares would be traded, sold or leased to 

 fisheries which hold the highest value for them, increasing overall economic benefits 

 for both parties. 



The equity principle of the Pacific Salmon Treaty could be preserved under a 

 transferable quota share system. Each country would be compensated for fish 

 originating in their watersheds, even if they did not actually harvest them. In addition, 

 transfers of quota shares could be limited to one year trades or leases to prevent 

 undesirable, permanent changes in the historic pattern of participation in these valuable 

 fisheries. 



References 



Chan, F. and R.M. Fujita, 1994a. Ocean Salmon Fishery Management: Reforms for 

 Recovering Our Biological and Economic Heritage. Environmental Defense Fund 

 Report, available from the Environmental Defense Fund, 5655 College Avenue, 

 Oakland, California 94618. 



Chan, F. and R.M. Fujita, 1994b. The Impacts of Hatcheries on Wild Salmon 

 Populations in the Pacific Northwest. Environmental Defense Fund Report, available 

 from the Environmental Defense Fund, 5655 College Avenue, Oakland, California 

 94618. 



Chinook Technical Committee (CTC), 1992. Pacific Salmon Commission Joint 

 Chinook Technical Committee 1991 annual report. Report TCCHINOOK (92)-4. 



Coho Technical Committee (CTC), 1994. Interim estimates of coho stock composition 

 for 1984-1991 southern area fisheries and for 1987-1991 northern panel area fisheries. 

 Pacific Salmon Commission, Report TCCOHO (94)- 1 



Coho Technical Committee (CTC), 1991. Northern panel area coho salmon status 

 report. Pacific Salmon Commission, Report TCCOHO (91)-1. 



-17- 



