70 PARKS AND PLEASURZ-GROUNDS. 



desert ; but there is probably always, even in tlie ease 

 of tlie palm-trees, a mental reference to existing accom- 

 paniments, perceived or imagined. In landscape gar- 

 dening, a gronp, tliougli apparently detaclied.is nnifoiToly 

 part of a whole. It remains to be added, that groups 

 are either simple or composite : simple, when they are 

 made up of single objects, such as ti-ees or statues ; 

 composite, when they ai'e foiTned of simple groups, or 

 of the other more condensed and extended bodies of 

 trees, which we now proceed to mention. A Clump is 

 a group considerably increased in the number and 

 density of its component parts, without any apparent 

 internal an*angement, but with a definite fignre and 

 decided outline. A clump of trees may be called a 

 smaU wood. Viewed at a moderate distance, the foiTQ 

 of that half of it which is next the spectator can be 

 taken in at once by the eye"^. A Mass of wood is 

 hardly a technical teiTQ, but yet a veiy convenient one. 

 It denotes a large body of gi^owing timber, exhibiting an 

 apparent continuity of boughs and foliage, and of such 

 depth that the horizontal Hght cannot be seen through 

 the stems of the ti'ces. That pomon of an extensive 

 plantation or forest which is visible at once, may be 



* Lexicographers inform xls that the word durrqj was originally 

 written ^?M/n^>, and they adduce as examples, a plump of trees, 

 of horse, of fowU, etc. 2s^ear the hegioning of ' Marmion," Sir 

 "Walter Scott, imitating an old ballad, employs the expression, 

 '• a plump of spears," and adds in a note : " Thia word properly 

 appUes to a flight of water-fowl, but is apphed by analogy to a 

 body of horse." From certain, analogies in words derived from 

 the Anglo-Saxon, it wotdd seem that clump and lump are nearly 

 aUied, if not identical : and it must be owned that a lump of trees 

 is a phrase not a httle descriptive of many clumps to be found in 

 parks and pleasure-grounds. 



