274 PARKS AND PLEASURE-GROUNDS. 



eflfective yellow evergreen known. Yews are extremely useful in pleasure- 

 grounds as low trees and shrubs, and make good undergrowths in tlie 

 woods of the park, especially where a depth of shade is requh-ed. It 

 must never be forgotten that they are poisonous to horses and cattle. 



The effects of Climate.— The climate of the locality 

 will^ in great measure^ limit the nmnber of species in 

 the Pinetum, or at least the number of those which may- 

 be expected to attain a considerable degree of perfection. 

 Of the hardiness of certain recently introduced sorts 

 some doubt may be reasonably entertained, except per- 

 haps in the case of such as are known to thrive in cli- 

 mates of equal or greater severity than our o^vn. In 

 the southern parts of England and Ireland, most, per- 

 haps all, of those marked subhardy may succeed; but 

 in less favoured localities they will exist only as spe- 

 cimens presen ed vdth difficulty. Those marked doubt- 

 ful will also become inferior trees and shrubs. In the 

 higher and more northern regions of the country the 

 subhardy kinds must increase in number, and so pro- 

 portionally diminish the extent of the members of the 

 Pinetum. The climate of the south of England and 

 Ireland and of the west coast and islands of Scotland, 

 where there is little frost, we cannot doubt, wiU prove 

 most suitable to the group Pseudo-Strobus, which is the 

 most delicate of all the divisions of the pine tribe. At 

 the same time, there are some countervailing circum- 

 stances in elevated localities. Many of the pines are 

 natives of mountainous regions, and therefore find some- 

 thing congenial in our hill climates. We doubt not 

 that certain species, which do not succeed in the low 

 grounds, will be found to do better in the higher dis- 



