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CHAPTER IV. 



MODES OF PROPAGATION BY DIVISION, VIZ. 

 TAKING OFF SUCKERS, MAKING LAYERS AND 

 CUTTINGS, BUDDING, GRAFTING, AND IN- 

 ARCHING. 



Properly speaking, there are only two modes of 

 propagating plants, viz. by seed and by division. 

 The first raises a new individual, resembling the 

 plant that produced the seed, as a child does its 

 parent, but not perpetuating any accidental 

 peculiarity; and the second method multiplies 

 specimens of the individual itself. Species are 

 propagated, and new varieties are raised, by 

 seed ; but varieties are generally propagated by 

 division, as they do not always come true from 

 seed. The modes of propagation by division 

 are of two kinds : those in which the young 

 plants root in the ground, such as suckers, 

 layers, and cuttings; and those in which they 

 are made to root in another plant, as in bud- 

 ding, grafting, and inarching. 



Suckers. — Sending up suckers, forming off- 

 sets, and throwing out runners, are all natural 

 ways of propagation that require very little aid 

 from the hand of man; and, if all plants pro- 

 duced these, nothing more would be required 

 than to divide the offspring from the parent, 

 and replant it in any suitable soil. But only 

 certain plants throw up suckers, such as the 



