CHAP. IV.] GRAFTING. 79 



it is usual to shorten the branches of the stock, 

 so as to throw the whole vigour of the tree into 

 the bud. It is singular to observe that, even 

 when the operation is most successful, no inti- 

 mate union takes place between the bud and 

 the stock : they grow firmly together, but they 

 do not incorporate, and the point of union may 

 always be distinctly traced. 



It must always be remembered that a plant 

 can only be budded on another plant of the 

 same nature as itself: thus a peach may be 

 budded on a plum, or on an apricot, as they 

 are all three stone fruits, and all belong to the 

 same section of the natural order Rosaceae ; 

 but a peach can neither be budded on a walnut, 

 which belongs to another natural order, nor 

 even on an apple or a pear, both of which, though 

 belonging to the order Rosaceae, are kerneled 

 fruits, and are included in another section. 



Grafting differs from budding in its being 

 the transfer of a shoot with several buds on it 

 from one tree to another, instead of only a 

 single bud ; and as budding has been compared 

 to sowing; seeds, so has Drafting; to making- cut- 

 ting-s. The art of grafting; consists in bringing; 

 two portions of growing" shoots together, so 

 that the liber, or soft wood, of the two may 

 unite and grow together ; and the same general 

 principles apply to it as to budding. There 

 are above fifty modes of grafting described in 

 books, but only three or four are in common 

 use. 



In all kinds of grafting the shoot to be trans- 

 ferred is called the scion, and the tree that is 

 to receive it is called the stock ; and it is always 



