144 THE KITCHEN-GARDEN. [CHAP. VI. 



affected by the disease; while those grown in 

 soil enriched with stable manure, were decidedly 

 the worst. From some experiments tried in the 

 country, it appeared that phosphate of lime was 

 very efficacious in stopping the progress of the 

 disease. 



The Jerusalem Artichoke is a tuberous- 

 rooted sun-flower, a native of Brazil ; the 

 epithet Jerusalem being a corruption of the 

 Italian word girasole, signifying to turn to the 

 sun, from the supposed habit of the flower. 

 The Jerusalem artichoke is planted in February 

 or March, by sets, like the potato ; and the 

 tubers will be ready for use in September or 

 October. It was introduced in 1716. 



The Turnip succeeds best in a dry sandy or 

 gravelly soil, which has been well manured, and 

 dug to a considerable depth. The beds should 

 be four or five feet wide; and, the seeds having 

 been strewed very thinly along raised drills 

 about a foot apart, the earth should then be 

 raked smoothly over the seeds, and the summit 

 of the drills slightly beaten with the back of the 

 spade. The first sowing is generally made in 

 March, or the first week in April ; and, as soon 

 as the young plants show their rough leaves, 

 they should be hoed up separately. When they 

 are a little more advanced, they should be 

 thinned to six inches apart. The hoeing should 

 be repeated occasionally all the summer, as 

 turnips, like potatoes, require the air to be ad- 

 mitted freely to their roots ; but they should not 

 be earthed up, as it will prevent the tuberous 

 part from swelling They should also be 

 watered frequently in dry weather, to prevent 



