CHAP. X.] PORTABLE FOUNTAINS. 287 



might be had in the garden, at no other expense 

 than that of fixing descending and horizontal 

 conducting pipes. Fountains may be erected 

 of almost any size, where there is a sufficient 

 quantity of water. The highest that is known 

 ;s one called "The Emperor" at Chatsworth, 

 which, from a single jet, throws a column of 

 water nearly 300 feet high, and which requires 

 such an abundant supply, that in one hour it will 

 lower an acre of water the depth of one foot. 



When fountains do not play properly, the 

 fault will generally be found to lie in the hori- 

 zontal conducting pipe, in which an accumula- 

 tion of earthy matter deposited bv the water, or 

 of air, has taken place. To avoid the danger 

 of the earthy deposit the conducting pipe should 

 be made gently slanting towards the orifice from 

 which the water is to ascend; and to prevent 

 any stoppage arising from air, small air-cocks 

 should be affixed to the pipe in suitable places. 

 When a fountain ceases to play, it may gene- 

 rally be restored to action by clearing the pipes 

 with water forced through them by a forcing 

 pump. Should this fail, the plumber should be 

 sent for, as probably one of the pipes has burst. 



The water in a drooping fountain may be 

 made to form various designs, by means of 

 little tubes of brass, called ajutages, which are 

 sc ewed on the orifice of the upright pipe. 

 Some of these designs imitate a convolvulus, 

 some a w heat-sheaf, some a basket, and some a 

 globe. In short, they are very numerous ; and, 

 after exhausting the fancv of the English 

 plumbers, a variety of different and very elegant 

 designs may be obtained from Paris. 



Portable Fountains have been lately invented 



