176 PRINCIPLES OF GARDENING. [CH. V. 



These must be melted slowly in an earthen pipkm, 

 and applied whilst warm. Common diachylon, sold 

 in rolls by chemists, answers as well as the above. 

 A laurel leaf, fastened at each end by a ligature round 

 the stock, so as to arch over the bud, will complete 

 the arrangement. 



If the rays of the smi are not excluded from the 

 scion for some time after its insertion, it is dried uj) 

 by the transpiration from it being greater, owing to 

 the uniting vessels being unformed, than can be sup- 

 plied by its iutrosusception from the stock. If wet 

 from the rains and dews be not excluded, the water 

 from them settles in the wound, and, by mere capillaiy 

 attraction, is absorbed between the bark of the bud 

 and the alburnum of the stock, so diluting the sap as 

 to prevent their organic union. If the air be not 

 excluded sufficiently, a diyness of the parts, and 

 consequent collapse of the vessels so as to prevent 

 the requisite supply of sap is induced, equally fatal 

 to the desired connexion. 



Grafting is a more difficult mode of multiplying 

 an individual, because it is requisite so to fit the 

 scion to the stock that some portion of their albur- 

 nums and inner barks must coincide, otherwise the 

 requisite circulation of the sap is prevented. No 

 graft will succeed if not immediately grafted upon a 

 nearly kindred stock — I say immediately, because it 

 is possible that by grafting on the most dissimilar 



