33-2 PRINCIPLES OF GARDENING. [CH. IX. 



grafting upon a voung and \igorous stock imparts to 

 the scion a supply of sap of wliich the parent stem is 

 incapable, yet this failure is only premonitory of the 

 departure of power which will, after a transient in- 

 crease of strength, occur to its removed member. 

 Every subsequent scion, however frequently, and 

 whilst in apparent health , removed to another youth- 

 ful stock, ^ill be found to have a period of renewed 

 ^dgour and productiveness of shorter duration than 

 its predecessor. The golden pippin is occasionally 

 quoted as a contrary proof : but this example has no 

 such weight ; for, supposing that this fruit yet exists, 

 still it has not passed the age beyond which the pe- 

 riod of unproductiveness and death in the apple-tree 

 may be delayed by grafting ; for we have no mention 

 of this finiit that at all justifies the conclusion, that 

 the golden pippin existed much more than three 

 centuries ago. A peannain apple is mentioned in 

 records as old as King John (a. d. 1-205); but the 

 pippin is not noticed by any authority earlier than 

 the reign of Henry the Eighth (1509). Lambard 

 mentions that Tenham in Kent, famous for its cherry- 

 gardens and apple-orchards, was the place where 

 Ptichard Harris, or Haines, that king's fmiterer. first 

 planted cherries, pippins, and the golden renate. 



Supposing, then ; that the golden pippin of our 

 days is a genuine portion of the Tenham trees, 

 handed down to us by successive graftings, yet still, 



