CHAPTER IV. 



Vegetables Raised for Market — Characteris- 

 tics — Cultural Directions. 



THE ARTICHOKE iCynara Scolymus) is used 

 extensively in Europe, either raw as a salad or 

 boiled and served after the manner of cabbage. 

 It may also be blanched somewhat as we treat endive 

 — that is, the side stalks — and it is then used as a 

 salad. 



It may be propagated either from the seed or by 

 root cuttings. The latter is the best and most con- 

 venient plan; the offset suckers should be taken in the 

 spring. When raised from seed, let them be sown early 

 in the spring, say at the time of the tlowering of the 

 peach, in drills a foot apart, and four inches apart in 

 the drills. The next spring transplant to permanent 

 beds, in hills three feet apart each way, with three 

 plants to a hill. It requires a deep, rich loam, abound- 

 ing in moisture. 



As the plant is perennial, one planting will answer for 

 several years. No winter protection will be required 

 except in the most northern States, and there a coat 

 of straw or leaves will suffice to insure them against 

 winter killing. 



The Green Globe and Common Green, which are 



