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their having the essential requisites, it may not he improper again to point 

 them out. First, then, the tree is to possess good, fihrous, and spacious 

 roots ; second, fine broken soil must be blended amongst the roots ; third, 

 it is to be supplied with copious waterings ; and, fourth, it must be well stayed 

 in its new locality against boisterous winds. 



Transplanted trees, not sufficiently large to be out of danger from cattle 

 without fencing, may be very completely stayed by placing a rod on each side 

 of them, nearly close to the tree, of sufficient length so that each end of the 

 rod may rest upon the fencing, and be made fast by nails ; or, if the fence is 

 of iron, wire will be necessary to fasten these cross bars, which are again to 

 be crossed by short pieces, forming a square pretty close to the tree; this 

 square is to be filled with hay or straw, that the tree may be kept from chafing. 

 Trees not thus fenced may be stayed by three or four cords tied round the 

 bole near the top of the tree, and fastened pretty tightly by string obliquely, 

 to short strong stakes, driven into the ground a few yards from the tree, and 

 leaning from it, in order to provide a more secure fastening for the cords. 

 (Figure 41 b b). 



By a strict adherence to the foregoing recommendations, large trees and 

 shrubs of most kinds may be transplanted with great success; and, certainly, 

 in grounds unadorned with trees, nothing can be more pleasing than the 

 immediate and striking effects which may be produced in this way. I have 

 just visited a place I laid out fifteen years ago, (Bolton Hall, near Doncaster,) 

 where several large trees were removed, tire trunks of which were from half a 

 yard to two feet in diameter, and most of them are doing well. I particularly 

 noticed a Wych elm, (a fine spreading tree, having a trunk two feet in diameter 

 near to the ground,) which had made shoots this year half a yard long. The 

 other trees were Spanish chesnuts, oaks, elms, and beeches. 



