PREFACE. ix 



publimed them by the contributions of 

 his parifh. The Reverend Mr. Toreen 

 died by the fatigues of the fame voyage, 

 and left his letters published along with 

 Ojbeck, as a monument of his fine genius, 

 and fpirit for promoting natural hiftory. 

 We here look upon the expences as tri- 

 fling, but they are not fo in Sweden, and 

 therefore are certainly the beft monuments 

 to the honour of the nation and the great 

 Ltnnceus, who in refpect to natural hiftory 

 is the primum mobile of that country. 



Professor Kalm having obtained leave 

 of his Majefty to be abfent from his poll: as 

 profeiTor, and having got a pafTport, and 

 recommendations to the feveral Swedifo mi- 

 nifters at the courts of London, Paris, Ma- 

 drid, and at the Hague, in order to obtain 

 paflports for him in their refpective ftates, 

 fet out from Upfala, the 16th. of Oclober 

 174.7* accompanied by Lars Tungjircem, a 

 gardener well fkilled in the knowledge of 

 plants and mechanics, and who had at the 

 fame time a good hand for drawing, whom 

 he took into his fervice. He then fet fail 

 from Gotbenburgb,t\\t 1 ith. of December but 

 a violent hurricane obliged the (hip he was 

 in to take fhelter in the harbour of Grcem- 

 jiad in Norway, from which place he made 

 excurlions to Arendal and Chrijlianfand. He 



went 



