304 LANDSCAPE GARDENING. 



tree., often growing 80 feet high. It can hardly be 

 considered a tree capable of being introduced into 

 cultivated situations, as it is found only in thick swamps 

 and wet grounds. The foliage considerably resembles 

 that of the common Arbor Vitae, though rather narrower 

 and more delicate in texture. The cones are small and 

 rugged, and change from green to a blue or brown tint in 

 autumn. In the south it is often called the Juniper. 



The White Cedar furnishes excellent shingles, much 

 more durable than those made of either Pine or Cypress ; 

 in Philadelphia the wood is much esteemed and greatly 

 used in cooperage. " Charcoal," according to Michaux, 

 "highly esteemed in the manufacture of gunpowder, is 

 made of young stocks, about an inch and a half in 

 diameter, deprived of their bark ; and the seasoned wood 

 affords beautiful lamp-black, lighter and more intensely 

 colored than that obtained from the Pine." 



The American Holly Tree. Ilex. 



Nat. Ord. AquifoliaccBe. Lin. Sijst. Dioecia, Tetrandria. 



The European Holly is certainly one of the evergreen 

 glories of the English gardens. There its deep green, 

 glossy foliage, and bright coral berries, which hang on for 

 a long time, are seen enlivening the pleasure-grounds and 

 shrubberies throughout the whole of that leafless and 

 inactive period in vegetation — winter. It is also, in our 

 mother tongue, inseparably connected with the delightful 

 associations of merry Christmas gambols and feastings, 

 when both the churches and the dwelling-houses are 



