Trees, Shrubs and Vines 



8i. Pin Oak. Swamp Spanish Oak. (Quercus palustris.) 

 Leaf : 4-6', simple, alternate, 5-7 (deeply)-lobed, lobes with a 

 few scattering teeth and bristle-pointed, glossy when mature ; much 

 like that of scarlet oak, but smaller ; swamps and low ground. 

 (PI. II.) 



82. Red Oak. (Quercus rubra.) 



Leaf : 5-9', simple, alternate, 7-11-lobed, lobes with a few 

 scattering teeth and bristle-pointed, when mature dark green and 

 sometimes glossy. (PI. III.) 



83. Scarlet Oak. (Quercus coccinea.) 

 Leaf : s'-g, simple, alternate, 5-7 (deeply)-lobed, lobes with a 

 few scattering teeth and bristle-pointed, very glossy when mature. 

 (PI. III.) 



84. Black Oak. (Quercus coccinea, var. tinctoria.) 

 Leaf : 5'-8', simple, alternate, 7-9-lobed, with a few scattering 



teeth, and bristly points ; quite variable forms on the same tree, 

 but generally with a heavier appearance, and less deeply lobed 

 than other oak leaves ; considered by Gray a variety, not a spe- 

 cies ; nearest like red oak. (PI. III.) 



85. Barren Oak. Black Jack. (Quercus nigra.) 

 Leaf : s'-g', simple, alternate, usually 3-lobed at broad top 



(lobes bristle-pointed), narrowed at base, when mature thick, 

 leathery, and glossy above, lighter and scurfy beneath. Range : 

 New York to Illinois and south. (PI. III.) 



86. Spanish Oak. (Quercus cuneata.) 

 Leaf: 6' -7', simple, alternate, either 3-lobed only at apex, or 

 5-7-lobed throughout, the main ones slender and often curved, 

 and all with bristly points, perhaps a little serrate ; dark, glossy 

 above when mature ; rare north, abundant south. (PI. III.) 



87. Sweet Gum. Bilsted. Liquidamber. (L. styraciflua.) 

 Leaf : 3' -6', simple, alternate, serrate and usually 5-lobed, 

 lobes pointed, rather glossy, aromatic when bruised. Fruit : 

 hard, globular aggregation covered with sharp points, hanging 

 into the winter ; branches gefierally corky-ridged. Range : Con- 

 necticut to Illinois, and south. (PI. V.) 



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