CHAP. II VILLA GARDEXIXG 19 



berry). Among evergreens there are many with golden and silver- 

 tinted foliage, and their numbers are annually increasing. There 

 are many conifers, especially among the dwarfer species, with 

 variegated growth. Many among the Thujas, Yews, and Cypresses, 

 are beautifully tinged with gold, especially in spring when the 

 young growth bm'sts forth. Biota aurea, B. elegantissima, B. 

 semper -aurescens, Cryptomeria elegau.s, very eifective in winter, 

 the whole tree assuming a bronze colour ; Cupressus Lawsoniana 

 am-eo-variegata, C. L. lutea, C. argeutea variegata, Eetiuospora 

 obtusa aurea, R. plumosa aurea, R. gracilis aurea, R. squarrosa, 

 Thuja Verva^neana, Juuiperus chinensis aiu-ea, J. c. albo-variegata, 

 Taxiis baccata aiu-ea, T. b. elegantissima, T. fastigiata aurea varie- 

 gata. The variegated Hollies are very numerous and elegant, either 

 for forming into groups or as occasional single specimens. The 

 Silver Queen, Golden Queen, the Golden Milkmaid, Golden Hedge- 

 hog, Silver Hedgehog, Handsworth (silver striped), Waterer's gold 

 striped, the Bronze-leaved, and many other varieties. Then the 

 Boxes are a large family, and there are but few places where more 

 variety is not desirable. Though most of the Euouymuses suffer 

 dimng severe winters north of London, yet some of them should 

 be grown, even if they have to be sheltered in winter. The dwarf 

 variety, E. radicans variegatus, is quite hardy, and of the others 

 the hardiest are E. japonicus latifolius variegatus, and E. j. aureo- 

 marginatus. There are 'several variegated varieties of Japanese 

 Privet worthy of notice, especially Ligustrum japonicum aureum 

 variegatum, and L. j. ovalifolium variegatum, Osmanthus ilicifolius 

 argenteus, Eheagnus reflexus foliis variegatus. There are several 

 pretty variegated forms of tree Ivy, especially tricolor marginata, 

 marginata aurea, and aureo-maculata. The variegated Periwinkles, 

 especially Yinca major elegantissima, will be found useful. 



Importance of tiraely Thinning of Shrubs. — It is a mis- 

 fortune when the planter's ideas are not grasped by his successors, 

 as his best efforts may take many years to develop ; for the best 

 and choicest trees and shrubs are generally of slow growth, hence 

 the importance of intelligent watchfiUuess and supervision. The 

 Larch, the Laurel, and the Privet, which are largely used as nurses, 

 if neglected, will soon overtop and destroy the choice things they 

 Avere intended to shelter and protect. In keeping rampant growing- 

 things within bounds a good deal may be done with the knife, and 

 then as they progress, if not too large, the overshadowing nurse 

 may be removed and planted elsewhere. In new neighbourhoods 

 there is often a demand for common things of large size, to form 

 screens and blinds, and sometimes tlie thinnings of shrubberies 

 may be disposed of to advantage in this way. At any rate, when- 



