THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 67 



cruel Battas. Corruption of manners prevails only 

 among the lowest class, who surround strangers in 

 Manilla and Cavite. We refer to the authorities 

 quoted, and to Pigafetta*s voyage, for the manners, 

 customs, and numeroussuperstitions of these people. 

 The table of population for the year 1815 estimates 

 the subjects of Spain, in the jurisdiction of this 

 government, at two milUons and a half.* The 

 receiving of baptism is considered as a mark of 

 subjection. In this number are not included two 

 thousand families of unconverted Indians (Tin- 

 guianes) of the province de Ylocos, in the north of 

 Lu9on ; about a thousand families of the unconvert- 

 ed Indians (Ygorrotest) in the mountain of the 

 same province ; twelve hundred families of the 

 Negritos of the same mountain; and, lastly, above 

 nine hundred families of the unconverted Indians 

 of the province of Calamianes, who all pay tribute, 

 each in differentgoods, and particularly the Negritos, 

 in virgin wax. The population of Manilla is esti- 

 mated at nine thousand souls, exclusive of the 



* The usual manner of making the census, is by the tri- 

 bute which is paid by every family. Tribute or family is 

 reckoned on an average at five souls. In the same table it is 

 mentioned, that the population has increased about one million 

 seven thousand souls, since the year 1734-. 



f The physiognomy of these Ygorrotes de Ylocos, and their 

 lighter colour, prove that they have mixed with the companions 

 of Limahon, who fled to their mountains, when Juan de Salceda 

 besieged the Chinese in Pangasinon. 



F 2 



