286 INDIANA HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS 



" 'All the other trades are equally suffering. Such is 

 the extreme starvation point to which they are reduced, 

 that their wives are to be seen begging from door to 

 door, or gathering the disgusting offals that are to be 

 met with in the streets. Meat and water are a luxury 

 which few can boast of, and as for fire, whole houses are 

 without a spark. Last week, upward of two hundred 

 fresh men turned out for wages, and there is every rea- 

 son to fear that, ere long, that number will be frightfully 

 increased. The constant cry of the men is, "Are we to 

 die of starvation, or see our children fall before our faces, 

 from hunger, while plenty abounds in the land?" The 

 situation of the females beggars all description — naked, 

 shivering with cold, and faint from hunger, they are 

 parading the streets and imploring, with tears and sup- 

 plications, assistance for themselves and their famishing 

 children.' " 



From another paper I give further extracts illustra- 

 tive of the subject under examination. 



"Let us look, for a moment, at the condition of the 

 'Free' laboring population of Great Britain. We give 

 statistical facts : 



" 'In London, one-tenth of the population are paupers, 

 and 20,000 persons rise every morning without knowing 

 where they are to sleep at night. The paupers, criminals, 

 and vagrants, alone, are 1,800,000.' — Alison's Principles 

 of Population.^ 



" 'In Liverpool, there are 7,800 inhabited cellars, occu- 

 pied by 39,000 persons. The great proportion of these 

 cellars are dark, damp, confined, ill-ventilated, and dirty.' 

 — Mr. Saney's Report to the House of Commons. 



"Dr. Robertson,^ an eminent surgeon of Manchester, 



* Sir Archibald Alison, historian, born at Kenley, Shropshire, 

 December 29, 1792; died May 23, 1867. Educated for the law. 

 Wrote History of Europe (1829-1842) ; essay on Population (1828) 

 not published until June, 1840; Life of Marlborough (1847). See 

 Dictionary of National Biography, 1:287-90 (1908). 



' Archibald Robertson, born December 3, 1789, at Cockburnspath, 

 near Dunbar, in Scotland ; died 1864. Eminent surgeon and medi- 

 cal writer. /6id., 48:402-3 (1896). 



