Environmental Quality Program 



This program was designed to provide information on the 

 quality of the marine environment and to assess and predict man's 

 impact on the oceans through research on geochemical processes 

 and marine pollution. The program consisted of four major 

 investigations: Geochemical Ocean Sections Study (GEOSECS) 

 made detailed measurements of physical and chemical character- 

 istics of ocean waters along Arctic to Antarctic transects; 

 Pollutant Transfer Program investigated mechanisms and path- 

 ways by which pollutants are transported to and within the 

 oceans; Biological Effects Program assessed the impact of selected 

 pollutants on marine organisms; and Controlled Ecosystem 

 Pollution Experiment (CEPEX) provided information on the 

 effects of pollutants on pelagic marine communities contained in 

 large plastic enclosures. 



Pollutant Transfer Program (PTP) 



Processes that transport pollutants from land sources to the 

 oceans and accumulate pollutants in discrete parts of the marine 

 environment were investigated. Objectives of the studies were to: 

 (1) identify important pathways and mechanisms, (2) evaluate 

 major environmental factors that influence transfer processes, 

 and (3) develop principles governing the transfer of pollutants. 

 Attention was focused on several major ocean interfaces: air-sea, 

 sediment-sea, river-sea, and particulate-sea. 

 Pollutant Transfer Bibliography 

 Batterton, J.. K. Winters, and C. V. Baalen. 



1978. Anilines: selective toxicity to blue-green algae. Science 



199:1068-1070. 



Geochemical Ocean Sections Study (GEOSECS) 



GEOSECS is an international cooperative program involving 

 geochemists from 14 U.S. universities. Investigators from 

 Belgium, Canada, France, Federal Republic of Germany, India, 

 Japan, and the United Kingdom also participated in GEOSECS 

 or carried out similar programs coordinated by the United States. 

 The U.S. program involved the occupation of 121 oceanographic 

 stations in the Atlantic and 147 stations in the Pacific. A similar 

 study was conducted in the Indian Ocean to complete a baseline 

 survey of the world oceans and confirm large-scale and small- 

 scale mixing patterns found in the Atlantic and Pacific. Stations 

 were occupied along the western side of the Indian Ocean, and the 

 remaining stations were completed in April 1978. At each station. 

 15 chemical measurements were made aboard ship; an additional 

 20 were obtained from samples analyzed in laboratories at 12 

 major universities. 



GEOSECS Bibliography 



Duce, R. A. 



1978. Speculations on the budget of particulate and vapor 

 phase non-methane organic carbon in the global troposphere. 

 Pageoph. 116:244-273. 



Graham, W. F., and R. A. Duce. 



1979. Atmospheric pathways of the phosphorus cycle. Geo- 

 chimica et Cosmochimica Acta 43:1195-1208. 



Graham, W. F., S. R. Piotrowicz and R. A. Duce. 



1979. The sea as a source of atmospheric phosphorus. Marine 

 Chemistry 7:325-342. 



Piotrowicz, S. R.. R. A. Duce, J. L. Fasching, and C. P. Weisel. 

 1979. Bursting bubbles and their effect on the sea-to-air 

 transport of Fe, Cu and Zn. Marine Chemistry 7:307-324. 



Wallace, G. T., Jr., and R. A. Duce. 



1978. Transport of particulate organic matter by bubbles in 

 marine waters. Limnology and Oceanography 23(6): 1 155-1 167. 



Fine, R. A.. C. N. K. Mooers, and F. J. Millero. 



1978. Effects of non-linear pressure - volume - temperature 

 properties on the potential energy distribution in the Atlantic 

 Ocean. Deep-Sea Res. 25:15-22. 



K.u. T. L..and M. C. Lin. 



1976. ::ft Ra distribution in the Antarctic Ocean. Earth & Planet. 

 Sci. Lett., 32:236-248. 



Ostlund, H. G., R. Brescher, R. Oleson, and M. J. Ferguson. 



1979. GEOSECS Pacific- Radio -Carbonand Tritium Results. 

 Tritium Laboratory, May 1979 R.S.M.A.S. University of 

 Miami. Data Report 8. 



Ostlund, H. G., and R. A. Fine. 



1979. Oceanic distribution and transport of tritium. Interna- 

 tional Atomic Energy Agency 232(67):303-314. 



Wallace. G. T., Jr., and R. A. Duce. 



1978. Open-ocean transport of particulate trace metals by 

 bubbles. Deep Sea Research 25:827-835. 



Walsh. P. R.. R. A. Duce. and J. L. Fasching. 



1979. Tropospheric arsenic over marine and continental 

 regions. Journal of Geophysical Research 84(C4): 1710-1718. 



Walsh, P. R.. R. A. Duce, and J. L. Fasching 



1979. Considerations of the enrichment, sources, and flux of 

 arsenic in the troposphere. Journal of Geophysical Research 

 84(C4):1719-1726. 



Walsh. P. R.. K. A. Rahn, and R. A. Duce. 



1978. Erroneous elemental mass-size functions from a high- 

 volume cascade impactor. Atmospheric Environment 12:1793- 

 1795. 



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