fQ OCEANOGRAPHY 



,tion of highly significant data in a scientifically critical area where accurate 

 position control is possible. The survey will include 5-mile spacing of EPI- 

 controlled lines across the ti'ench to obtain continuous hydrographic, magnetic, 

 and, if possible, gravimetric data to provide the most complete survey ever made 

 of a major oceanic feature. General oceanographic observations will be included. 

 Afterward similar surveys around the Hawaiian Islands are planned. 



It is quite probable that by 1963 the Pioneer will be available for use in the 

 proposed Indian Ocean surveys should Coast survey participation in this inter- 

 national effort be authorized. If the oceanwide survey program is by then 

 underway, the Pioneer could be the first ship of this Bureau to engage in these 

 surveys, and it would be joined in early 19G4 by the first of the class I oceanog- 

 raphic ships. 



"marmer" program 



Starting with the proposed return of this 100-foot vessel to the Coast Survey 

 in 1962, she will engage primarily in harbor and estuarine circulatory surveys 

 commencing with Charleston, S.C. This vessel will also be utilized for some near- 

 shore oceanographic operations where it would be impractical to operate one of 

 the larger vessels. 



The Coast and Geodetic Survey's present fleet is not yet adequate to carry 

 .out the proposed program. However, adherence to the Bureau's present pro- 

 grams of hydrographic and oceanographic ship construction ought to provide 

 sufficient ships to pursue a vigorous oceanographic program. 



The limited availability of trainetl personnel to man the ships at sea and to 

 process the data ashore may well be the limiting factor determining the rate at 

 which the planned program may proceed. 



Officer corps. — As additional ships are built, it wiU be necessary to enlarge 

 the size of the Coast Survey ofiicer cori)s. The rate of increase will dei>end on 

 the number of new ships actually built and the rate at which they are put into 

 service. 



Training of officers in oceanography must be continued until all junior oflScers 

 with 2 or more years who are or will be assigned to the survey fleet will have 

 had both courses now being given at the University of Washington, or com- 

 parable training. Officers stationed on the Seattle-based ships will continue to 

 be sent to these courses at the rate of about 10 per year. 



The assignment of at least one officer per year as a full-time student in ocean- 

 ography at the University of AVashington or a comparable institution will be 

 continued until our ships are adequately staffed with qualified oceanographic 

 officers. 



Civilian employees. — There must be additional employment of professional 

 oceanographers for the Washington office to plan the oceanographic programs 

 of the Bureau, to direct and carry out the processing of the data collected by 

 the ships, and to carry out research programs leading toward publication of 

 results. Personnel with the necessary training are not now on the civil service 

 roster in the lower pay grades, so the Bureau must hire from the higher gi-ades 

 (GS 9-15) in order to obtain competent oceanographers. In addition, we are 

 now looking for a highly capable man, well known in his field and to the public, 

 one who would carry out research in oceanography and publish his results and 

 whose name associated with that of the Surrey would add to the stature of both. 

 It is questionable if a person of the necessary standing is available, but an 

 attempt is being made to locate and approach him and funds should be appro- 

 priated for this position. Provisions will also be made for additional training 

 of civilian personnel now in the Bureau. 



Additional employees including maiine geologists will be required by the Hy- 

 drographic Research Section of Nautical Charts to be used in the compilation 

 and interpretation of closely contoured large-scale bathymetric charts of those 

 areas adequately covered by continuously recording echo soimding surveys. 

 These men will work with present Hydrographic Research personnel in the pub- 

 lishing of professional papers on the geologic interpretation of the hydro- 

 graphic survey data. Civilian personnel must also be obtained as crewmen for 

 the new ships and as technicians to maintain the additional equipment. Table 

 lib lists the additional civilian personnel needed to carry out these programs. 



Oceanographic equipment. — We have prepared lists of the oceanographic 

 equipment necessary on class I, II, and III ships to carry out oceanographic 

 surveys in addition to their normal hydrographic activities. In addition, pro- 

 visions must be made for the development of new equipment. Some is needed 

 immediately and includes : 



