86 OCEANOGRAPHY 



Mr. Bauer. Dr. Cloud, as I understand it, then, you do not desire 

 to become a ship operator in any survey function ? 



Mr. Cloud. This is correct. We feel that with the collaborative re- 

 lationships that we have had with other Government agencies and the 

 oceanographic institutions that we can borrow or charter the equip- 

 ment that we need to carry out survey investigations offshore. 



Mr. Bauer. Now, with respect to the survey of the oceans, where 

 do you feel, from the point of view of a geologist, should the im- 

 mediate attention be jjlaced, on the supposition that you have only 

 so many ships ? 



Mr. Cloud. The logical extension of our activity is to the Conti- 

 nental Shelf area. Of course, this is a veiy big area, and we would 

 have to make some selections about where to begin work there. In 

 fact, we have begun work in the area around the Florida Peninsula 

 and on tlie Bahaman phitform oli'shore. 



I would say that this would be a very good program to extend 

 to work completely around tlie Florida Peninsuhi because we would 

 encounter tliere a large variety of sedimentary situations that might 

 have existed in the past. 



Next to this, I would put the Califoniia offsliore shelf and basin 

 area where we know tliere are deposits of phosphate and possibly 

 of manganese and other resources that could conceivably be exploit- 

 able at some time in the near future. 



Mr. Bauer. Well, the reason I was asking that is this: Is is tnie 

 that ge-ology is really a science of the sea as far as sedimentation 

 eitlier on land or sea is concerned ? 



Mv. Cloud. I am afraid that geologists are likely to ]>e a little bit 

 inclusive about their field of efforts. Since geology is defined as the 

 study of the eai-th we consider that all parts of the earth properly 

 fall within our realm of investigation. Much of what we deal with 

 in the past is in the form of ancient marine deposits and for this 

 reason we are particularly interested in the ocean and in the sedi- 

 mentary and chemical processe,s that go on there. 



Mr. Bauer. As I remember fi-om my reading of Professor Kuenen's 

 book, the Crulf of Maine is one of the areas that needs a little atten- 

 tion, is it not? 



Mr. Cloud. Indeed so. 



Mr. Oliver. I am sure of that. 



Mr. Ci>ouD. As a matter of fact, we had a collaborative project 

 with the Fish and Wildlife Survey up on Sagadahoc Bay that ran for 

 a numl)er of yeai-s. 



Mr. Baier. Would you distinguish for the committee what your 

 mission is as distinguislied from that of the Bureau of Mines? 



Mr. Cloud. I would say, Mr. Bauer, that the Geological Survey 

 had clear and primai-y responsibility for basic exploration and re- 

 search, for interpretation and for evaluation including the computa- 

 tion of reseives on a regional and commodity basis. I would say that 

 the Bureau of Mines had clear and primary responsibility for de- 

 veloping methods for getting the ore out of the ground, l^eneficiating 

 it, and moving it to centers of distribution. In l>etween these two 

 rather clear responsibilities there is the twilight area of the explora- 

 tion and evaluation of specific sites which may be done either by the 

 Geological Survey or by the Bureau of Mines , or l^y. both working 

 tosrether. ■ -' ■' - - 



