east across the end of Georges Bank (fig. 80). 



This counterclockwise eddy is fed by the inflow 



of water from without the Gulf of Maine in the 



winter and early spring. Cold water (<5° C.) 



shown in ICNAF 69-1 temperature sections 3, 4, 



and 5 (figs. 47, 48, and 49) suggests a similar 



pattern. Bumpus (1969) and Bumpue and 



Lauzier (1965), from analysis of surface current 



observations, suggested that, in the winter, the 



northward flow from Browns Bank into the Bay 



of Fundy will be considerably diminished,, and 



that some of the water will be deflected along 



the southeastern coast of Xova Scotia. 



Pronounced southerly movement along the 

 western shore of the Gulf of Maine for late Feb- 

 ruary and early March was noted by Day (1958). 

 He also noted indications of a strong seaward 

 movement east of Cape Cod through South 

 Channel during this same period. It is not pos- 

 sible from the present data to evaluate the out- 

 flow movement from the Gulf of Maine eddy. 

 However, the presence of water with a temjiera- 

 ture of less than 5° C. and salinity near 33Voo 

 in slope areas of sections (ICNAF 69-1) 4, 5 and 

 7 (figs. 48, 49 and 51) supports Day's i)remise. 



Although poorly defined at this time of the year, 

 the cyclonic circulation of the inshore areas ap- 

 pears to be present. A more definitive analysis 

 of circulation patterns cannot be made because 

 of insufficient data. 



CONCLUSIONS 



As a result of variances in climatic conditions 

 between 19158 and 1969 coui)led with pronounced 

 Gulf Stream influences in 1969, oceanographic 

 features of the Gulf of Maine differed for those 

 years. AVater temperatures throughout the Gulf 

 were l°-2° C. warmer in 1969, reflecting an un- 

 usually mild winter and an apparent intrusion 

 of Gulf Stream water. The higher salinities and 

 characteristic dissolved oxygen values observed 

 in the same year apparently were also a result of 

 a Gulf Stream influx. The considerably heavier 

 river runoff for the 1968 season resulted in lower 

 salinity values for that year. Surface tempera- 

 ture and salinity maxima in 1969 extended as far 

 shoreward as the 1000 fathom (1829 m.) isobath, 

 whereas in 1968 these maxima extended shore- 

 ward only to the 3000 fathom (5486 m.) isobath. 



REFERENCES 



Bigelow, H. B. (1927). Physical oceanoffraphv of the 

 Gulf of Maine. Bulletin of the Bureau of Flsherie.s, 

 Vol. XL, Part II, Document Xo. 909:511-3027. 



Bigelow, H. B. and M. Sear... f]9.-i5). Studies of the 

 waters on the continental shelf. Cape fod to Chesa- 

 peake Bay, II : salinity. Papers on Physical Oceanog- 

 raphy and Meteorology, Vol. IV Xo. 1, Massaehu.setts 

 Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceano- 

 graphic Institution :73-91. 



Bumpus, D. F. (Undated). Circulation on the conti- 

 nental shelf of the east coast of the U.S. Woods Hole 

 Oceanographic Institution, Unpul)lished Manuscript. 



Bumpus, D. F. and .1. Chase. (Undated). Changes in 

 the hydrography oh.served along the east coast of the 

 United States. ICXAF Special Pulilication, Vol. 

 6 :S47-854. 



Chase, J. (1969). Surface salinity along the east coast 

 of the United States. Deep Sea Research, Supplement 

 to Vol. 16:2.')-29. 



Chase, .1. (1971a). Oceanographic Observations, 1908, 

 along the east coast of the United States. U.S. Coast 

 Guard Oceanographic Keport Xo. 45. 



8 



Chase, .T. (1971b). Oceanographic observations, 1969, 

 along the east coast of the United States. U.S. Coast 

 Guard Oceanographic Keport Xo. 46. 



Chase, J. (1972). Personal communication. 



Colton, .T. B. (1964). History of the oceanography in 

 the offshore waters of the Gulf of Maine. U.S. Fish 

 and Wildlife Service, Special Scientific Report, Fish- 

 eries Xo. 490. 



Colton, J. B. (1968a). Recent trends in subsurface 

 temperature in the Gulf of Jiaine and contiguous 

 waters. .1. Fisheries Research Board of Canada Vol 

 25, Xo. 11 :2427-24.37. 



Colton, J. B. (1968b). Temperature conditions in the 

 Gulf of Jiaine and adjacent waters during 1968. J 

 Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Vol 26 Xo 

 10:2740-2751. 



('olton, J. B. (19G8C). Comparison of current and long 

 term temperatures of continental shelf waters, Xova 

 Scotia to Long Island. ICXAF Research Bulletin 

 Xo. 5. 



Colton, .T. B. (1970). Comparison of 1908 and 1969 

 toniperaUire conditions in the Gulf of Maine and 



