OCEAN SCIENCES AND NATIONAL SECURITY 



87 



The conduct of oceanographic research by performance component 

 is given in Table 12. It is compared with the total funds for the 

 entire Federal program of Research and Development and with that 

 sector of the program devoted to basic research for the same fiscal year. 

 On this basis, it will be noted that oceanographic research represents 

 2.4 percent of the federally supported basic and applied research 

 activity. Subsequent to 1958, funds devoted to oceanographic re- 

 search have increased. In Fiscal 1959, Federal support was $18 

 million, but in Fiscal 1960, it rose to $39 million, excluding Navy 

 Hydrographic Office activities. Budget recommendations for Fiscal 

 1961 submitted by the President to'the Congress' total $55.75 million- 

 see Table 25. ' " 



Table 12. — Conduct of Federal research and development by performance component, 



fiscal year 1968 



[In millions of dollars] 



1 Source: "Federal Funds for Research VIII" NSF 59-40 (Federal obligations). 

 * Not available. 



Within the Navy itself, funding for research and development for 

 the fiscal years 1958, 1959, and 1960, is compared with that segment 

 for oceanographic activity in Table 13: 



Table 13. — Navy support of oceanography in comparison with its entire program 



[In millions of dollars] 



1 Federal obligations for the conduct of research and development, thus including development, test, and 

 evaluation; source: "Federal Funds for Research" National Science Foundation, 59-40. 



» Federal obligations for conduct of research. 



3 Estimated appropriations including carryover. Figures do not include costs of ship operation or for 

 conversion or construction of new ships, or any operations of U.S. Hydrographic Office, now considered as 

 classified. 



Source: Office of Naval Research and "Federal Funds for Research VIII" NSF 59-40. 



Oceanographic activities embrace something more than "research," 

 but less than "research and development." Direct comparison of 

 figures is thus not valid. However, it is clear, that insofar as funding 

 from U.S. Navy is concerned, the support for oceanography has 

 increased markedly within the past three years, well beyond the 

 proportional increase in funds for research, or for research and de- 



