EFFECTIVENESS OF THE COMMITTEE ON OCEANOGRAPHY 193 



time in the long and honorable history of exploration of the world ocean, a ship 

 with good navigational control — in this case loran-C — and was able to carry- 

 out a systematic grid-type survey on the deep sea hundreds of miles from the 

 nearest land. The Pioneer's lines were 10 nautical miles apart, and the resultant 

 charts from the phase I, or underway phase, will, for the first time, provide 

 accurately located information for use in making a map of that part of the sea 

 floor. In addition, there will be available gravity anomaly maps and total field 

 magnetic intensity maps of the same area with the same control. The Pioneer 

 operation will continue this year, and the Ocean Surveys Panel has just recently 

 approved a change in her program to allow a more concentrated arrangement of 

 oceanographic station observations in one area rather than the long line of stations 

 run last year from Midway north to the Aleutians, east along the trench, and 

 south into Hawaii. 



I have here for the record summary charts of the phase I and phase II operations 

 of the Pioneer last year that I will leave with the committee. This same spirit of 

 cooperation at the "wet deck" level is also evident in the operations of the Navy 

 Hydrographic Office and the Coast Guard. The Rehoboth of the Hydrographic 

 Office this past year in connection with military surveys in the Central Pacific 

 carried out a multifaceted operation very similar to that of the Pioneer but with 

 a much wider spacing of lines. 



The Rehoboth's operations also included magnetometer and gravity operations, 

 hydrographic operations, and oceanographic station observations in addition to 

 cooperative studies of phytoplankton productivity with personnel from the Uni- 

 versity of Hawaii and special meteorological observations made for the Weather 

 Bureau. I would also like to leave with you, Mr. Chairman, both a summary 

 of this operation and a copy of the letter from the Hydrographic Office sent to 

 Government agencies and private institutions announcing this survey and inviting 

 cooperation in the work. This is exactly the type of interagency cooperation that 

 ilic Surveys Panel is encouraging. 



The Coast Guard's operations in the Bering Sea are another good example of 

 this sort of cooperation. This coming year, for example, the Northwind will be 

 doing cooperative oceanographic work with the Bureau of Commercial Fisheries 

 as part of the International Fur Seal Patrol operations. She will be operating 

 in the Bering Sea, and her operations will include the making of oceanographic 

 profiles across the Oyashio Current. She will later be working farther north with 

 personnel from the Navy Electronics Laboratory. To show you how this co- 

 operation works, a recent letter from Dr. K. O. Emery at the University of 

 Southern California expressed an interest in obtaining bottom samples from the 

 Bering Sea in conjunction with some studies he is carrying out with a Japanese 

 marine geologist. Dr. Hiroshi Niino. Not only will he be able to have samples 

 from the Coast Guard's Northwind's operations with the Bureau of Commercial 

 Fisheries and later with the Navy Electronics Laboratory, but also from the 

 Bering Sea surveys of the Coast Survey ship Surveyor doing some hydrographic 

 and oceanographic work south and east of the Northwind's area. In this way 

 another of the Survey Panel's objective — getting the most worth out of every 

 survey operation — is being realized. 



In conclusion, there are one or two other aspects of the Panel's operations that 

 are worth mentioning. At the request of the Coast Guard, the Panel has through 

 the ICO rendered assistance to that agency in planning for their oceanographic 

 operations. The statutory authority of the Coast Guard has — as you know — 

 just recently been broadened to include oceanographic operations. The Panel 

 was glad of the opportunity to be of service to them in offering recommendations. 

 The equipping of their ocean stations vessels with the necessary gear to obtain time- 

 series oceanographic data was, we felt, of the highest priority and the acquisition 

 of these data will be of considerable use in the overall national survey program. 



The Panel has recently met jointly with the newly formed NASCO Panel on 

 Surveys. In response to their recommendations, the Pioneer operations will be 

 slightly modified this year to include lines run into shallower water so the marine 

 geophysical data can more readily be tied in with land data, specific east-west 

 lines will run on their recommendation to examine a specific area where the mag- 

 netics people on the west coast feel a prominent anomaly may be found on the 

 basis of data already in hand from the ana to the east. This is mentioned merely 

 to point out that the Panel also works closely with the NASCO group. 



Finally, Mr. Chairman, I would like to express my appreciation for being asked 

 to come before your committee today to explain some of what the Ocean Surveys 

 Advisory Panel of the ICO has been doing. My statement has been long, and I 

 thank you for your patience. I shall be glad to answer any questions that you 

 may have relevant to the Panel's operations. 



