ADVANCEMENT OF MARINE SCIENCES 41 



O'D. Iselin, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, 

 Mass.; Dr. Fritz Koczy, Marine Laboratory of the University of 

 Miami, Miami, Fla.; Dr. Roger Revelle, Scripps Institution of 

 Oceanography, La Jolla, Calif.; Dr. Dixy Lee Ray, University of 

 Washington, Seattle, Wash.; Dr. Gordon Riley, Bingham Oceano- 

 graphic Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Conn.; Dr. 

 Athelstan Spilhaus, University of Alinnesota, Minneapolis, Minn.; 

 Dr. Per Scholander, Scripps Institution of Oceanography; Mr. Pike, 

 and Dr. Milner B. Schaefer, Inter- American Tropical Tuna Commis- 

 sion, La Jolla, Calif. 



Each of the members has attained scientific distinction as a physi- 

 cist, marine biologist, meteorologist, or marine chemist. 



The Committee on Oceanography held its first meeting in Novem- 

 ber 1957. During the following year it visited major oceanographic 

 institutions in all sections of the United States, conferred with scien- 

 tists and officials of all Government agencies having an interest in 

 the oceans or the Great Lakes, and appointed eight panels of scientists 

 to assist in special studies. More than 60 scientists from private in- 

 stitutions and laboratories participated in these panels. 



In January 1959, the Committee on Oceanography released its 

 summary report and recommendations. It has since issued 10 more 

 reports deahng with studies in separate fields, and has continued its 

 survey of program needs. 



The reports of the Committee on Oceanography have been the 

 subject of an intensive study by your Committee and have inspired 

 committee action on the program recommended. 



Two conclusions of the Committee on Oceanography merit quota- 

 tion at this point. They are: 



(1) From the point of view of mihtary operations there is no 

 comparison between the m'gencies of the problems of the oceans and 

 those of outer space. The submarine armed with long-range missiles 

 is probably the most potent weapon system threatening our secm'ity 

 today. 



(2) Our oceanographic research ships are inadequate for the job 

 which must be done. Most of the ships are old and outdated. Many 

 are obsolete and should be replaced by ships of modern design which 

 will be more efficient to operate and from which a greater variety of 

 scientific observations can be made. 



Simultaneously with the study of overall marine scientific needs by 

 the Committee on Oceanography, the Navy Department's Office of 

 Naval Research prepared a sm'vey and projection of the marine 

 research needs and programs financed by the Navy in universities 

 and oceanographic laboratories and institutions. 



The Navy report, designated Project TENOC (10 years in ocea- 

 nography), was issued on Januarj^ 1, 1959, with the endorsement of 

 Adm. Arleigh Burke, Chief of Naval Operations. The report noted 

 that the total budget for marine research financed by the Navy in 

 institutions during fiscal 1959 was $7,600,000, and projected a gradu- 

 ated increase in funds for research ships, laboratories, and scientific 

 personnel over a period of 10 years. The report has since been 

 revised and updated, with the 10-year period advanced to 1961-71. 



