66 ADVANCEMENT OF MARINE SCIENCES 



In the field of public health he would direct oceanographic, estuarine, 

 inshore, and Great Lakes studies related to public health, and research 

 in medical and pharmacological possibilities of marine organisms, 

 elements, and substances. 



Studies of ocean, estuarine, inshore, and Great Lakes waters would 

 include use of these waters for — 



(a) Disposal of municipal and industrial wastes. 



(6) Disposal in open ocean areas of radioactive wastes. 



(c) Berthing of nuclear powered ships. 



(d) Fishery resources as they relate to the public health. 



(e) Future major sources of municipal, industrial, and recrea- 

 tional water supplies. 



Extensive research in these waters would be authorized witli a view 

 to discovery, determination, production, or extraction of medically or 

 pharmacologically important substances from marine organisms. 



The Secretary, through the Public Health Service, also would con- 

 duct studies of parasitism in marine animals, physiological processes 

 in the marine environment, knowledge of which may contribute to 

 human health, and of substances produced by marine organisms which 

 are toxic to man. 



Section 9 would also provide that the Secretary of Health, Education 

 and Welfare shall request and obtain cooperation from and cooperate 

 with other governmental agencies having an interest in the marine 

 sciences, with the several States, municipalities, educational institut- 

 tions, medical institutions, lal)oratories, conducting marine, medical 

 or pharmacological research, and with other public or private associa- 

 tions, organizations and persons who may be of assistance to the 

 program. 



All of the studies and research undertaken by the Secretary of 

 Health, Education, and Welfare pursuant to section 9 of S. 901 may 

 be carried out by means of contracts with public or private organi- 

 zations, grants to scientific institutions, or grants to qualified scientists 

 engaged in or engaging in marine and related research. 



Because the object of the program delineated in section 9 is to 

 benefit the health and welfare of all the people, it is stipulated that all 

 information, uses, products, processes, patents, and other develop- 

 ments growing out of such research resulting from Government ex- 

 penditm^es shall be available to the general public, subject only to 

 the determination by the Secretary and the Surgeon General of the 

 United States of its national and public health interest. 



Earlier in this report the medical and pharmacological implications 

 were stated in some detail. Testimony in this regard at hearings on 

 S. 901 was far more extensive. The printed hearings contain many 

 communications from many scientists who are exploring, and in some 

 instances finding, substances which apparently have a beneficial effect 

 in connection with some of the ills of man. 



The testimony of Dr. Dixy Lee Ray, consultant in biological ocea- 

 nography to the National Science Foundation, and associatepro fessor 

 of zoology at the University of Washington, from which excerpts were 

 quoted earlier in this report, and which appears in full in the printed 

 hearings, is particularly informative in this regard. 



Important testimony also was given by Dr. John A. McLaughlin of 

 the Haskins Laboratories, New York. 



