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Appendix D 

 List of Commissioned Background Papers 



On the Allocation of Federal R&D 



Christopher T. Hill, Professor of Public Policy and Technology 



George Mason University 



This paper provides a broad overview of the present-day allocations of federal 

 research and development (R&D) funds among diverse national purposes, perform- 

 ers, and sponsoring federal agencies. It sets out a number of general considerations 

 in the formulation of federal R&D policies over the past 5 decades, and it describes 

 and analyzes the historical processes through which the portfolio of federal R&D 

 has been shaped. 



Previous Analyses of the U.S. R&D Allocation Process 

 Robert M. Cook-Deegan, Senior Program Officer 

 National Research Council 



This document reviews some major reports on U.S. federal science policy relevant 

 to the committee's task. Its purpose is to review what others have said when con- 

 fronted with tasks similar to the committee's mandate, or when given different tasks 

 that required them to confront similar choices about R&D spending that must be 

 made at the presidential or congressional level. 



Mjere Does the Federal Dollar for Basic Research Go? 

 Michael G.H. .McGearv; Consultant 



This paper describes the composition of the federal basic research budget and 

 presents background information on federally funded basic research — who funds 

 basic research and why, what mechanisms are used to provide support, who con- 

 ducts basic research and how, and how performers spend the dollars. 



Siirve}' of Reports on Federal Laboratories 

 Robert M. Cook-Deegan, Senior Program Officer 

 National Research Council 



This background paper summarizes the recent reviews of federal laboratories, both 

 tho.se operated by goverrmient and those conducted by contractors (whether corpo- 

 rate or universirs). 



NOTE: Copies of all commissioned papers are available upon request from the Commission on 

 Physical Sciences. Mathematics, and Applications. National Research Council. 2101 Constitution 

 Avenue. NW, Washington. DC 20418. 



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