hi 



24 ILLIXOIS BIOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS [418 



of the segment. Tower's basipleural is no doubt represented by the 

 three spots that are near the spiracle (Fig. 99, PL VII). 



In the prothorax of the tiger beetles it is to be noted that the onto- 

 genetic coloration is parallel to that in some of the Leptinotarsae ; the 

 two pairs of parallel lines which occur appear to eorresiDond to markings 

 that are on the prothorax of the C. tranqucharica (Fig. 107). The two 

 oblique centers of the frons or epicranium in the Cicindelidae are rep- 

 resented in the Leptinotarsae also the two markings by the eyes. 



I have noted that in the aiitennae centers arise in the form of rings 

 around the distal ends of the 2d, 3d, and 4th segments (Fig. 109 c, d, e.). 

 Conditions in figure 109d and c show patterns in the tlevelopment of 

 these which are the exact duplicate of the patterns in the antennae of 

 the G. strachani (Africa) which has also a primitive elytral pattern.' 

 C. theratoides (New Guinea), many of the Megacephalidae and some 

 Collyridae. 



The development of the pigment in the legs up to tlie time of 

 cmergencq is described above ; after emergence the development pro- 

 ceeds from proximal to distal in the tibia and in the same succession 

 in the tarsal segments. Previous to emergence the humerus is somewhat 

 compressed and wrinkled, being only about two-thirds as long as after 

 the expansion which follows emergence. At the end of about 8 hours 

 one finds the feruAr beginning to show a general suffuse pigment which 

 appears to arise snnultaneously over the entire surface. After this the 

 later liistory in tlie legs im simply a general intensification of the pig- 

 mentation. 



In all of the species of Cieindela studied the phenomena of pigment 

 development are the same so far as has been noted above with the 

 exception of the ptinctulata and lepida in which the first centers appear 

 in the middle of the ventral side in the third and fourth abdominal 

 segments. This is tlie case in T. Carolina in which the centers are like 

 those in the larvae. The adult abdomen in this species is not pigmented 

 toward the posterior end of the ventral side while the upper side never 

 receives any pigment at all and the usual larval color center are, as has 

 been stated, very much reduced in this species. Likewise the centers of 

 the head and prothorax are little developed and the obliqiie ones near 

 the center of the frons are very faint. The two which appear first in 

 the posterior depression of tlie prothorax are quite distinct and very 

 suggestive of the condition in the MegcicrpJuda (Phacoxantha) khigi. 

 The legs are, however, not pigmented at all and it appears that the 

 cuticula in these cases is of the type with interlamellar spaces which is 

 a means of giving strength to the less rigid parts of the body. 



An examination of stained whole mounts of the appendages shows 

 that as a rule the distal portions are first clearly differentiated and 



