56 ILLIXOIS BIOLOGICAL MOXOGRAPHS [450 



Experiments were performed on C. hirticollis which paralleled 

 those noted on C. scutellaris, but with results on markings and none 

 so far as color is concerned. It is probable that the experimental indi- 

 viduals showed more green than others, but the difference is too slight 

 to justify an unqualified statement to that effect. One striking result 

 was obtained in the experiments where the temperature of about 37°C. 

 was maintained on larvae which had not hibernated; one small indi- 

 vidual was obtained (Fig. 566) which however retained all the striking 

 characteristics of the species. 



Experiments on C. tranqucharica were successful. Specimens 

 reared in temperature of 37°C. and much moisture (Fig. 570) showed 

 the dull blackish brown which characterizes the colors of some of the 

 specimens from the moist southern states. This color was not iiniform 

 throughout the series so raised, but was much commoner than in the 

 ease of specimens reared in hot dry conditions, as these are more bril- 

 liant (Fig. 569). A number of specimens were iced but only one of 

 these was especially peeiiliar (Fig. 568). This was decidedly more 

 red than any others seen in the course of my studies. Some of the 

 iced specimens were unusually dull, however, and no uniform results 

 were noted except that the heads were uniformly greener. 



C. limhalis was subjected to high temperature. In the moist con- 

 ditions dull colors were obtained. Figure 577 shows one of the high 

 temperature individuals in which the color is deeper red and the re- 

 flections more striking blue than in the normal specimen at this stage 

 (Fig. 575). 579 which shows an individiial subject to high temper- 

 ature in moist conditions is morei generally dull green. 578 shows 

 an iced specimen which is similar to the warm moist individual. 

 These differences are slight and not very convincing, but the individ- 

 uals are different from any reared or collected under other conditions. 



Experiments of a similar character were performed on C. punc- 

 tulata but appeared to be without results. A similar series on C. lepida 

 were likewise witliout results. 



RELATION OP COLORS AND COLOR PATTERNS TO CLIMATE 



After a thorough study of the subject and comparison of the dis- 

 tribiitiou maps of several species with maps showing the rate of evapo- 

 ration of water for the year, the evaporation of water from the porous 

 cup atmometer from April to September, the ratio of rainfall to evapo- 

 ration, mean annual temperatiire, temperature April to September, 

 and with maps showing cloudiness, humidity, rainfall, etc., it 

 was demonstrated that the distribution of color varieties, 

 and pattern varieties even where the types are quite 

 distinct, is not correlated with the conditions shown on such maps. 



