EXPLORATIONS^ WESTERN ATLANTIC, STEAMER BACHE, 1914. 25 



general approach of the water of the abyss toward the surface, from 

 about latitude 30° toward the Equator, is one of the most essential 

 features of oceanic temperature and one of the most significant in its 

 bearing on the general system of oceanic circulation.^ 



It is interesting that while the 600-meter temperatures of the Bache 

 agree very well mth earlier records, the warmest water west and north- 

 west of Bermuda being 16.3°-16.5°, as against 16.8° asgivenbySchott 

 (1902), at 1,000 meters the Bache records are notably warmer, 13° as 

 against 8.2°, according to Schott (1902, 1912) — that is to say, the 



CAPE HATTER 



BERMUDA 



Fig. 2L— Salinity at 1,000 meters. 



abyss water was farther from the surface — and even at 600 meters the 

 area of 6° water extended farther to the south (to about 28° north 

 latitude) than it is represented by Schott (about 31° north latitude), 

 though hardly as far to the westward. Other\\ise, the BacJie and 

 Valdivia charts agree very well for this level. Even at 1,000 meters, 

 the geographic location of the absolute maximum is very nearly 

 the same in Schott 's chart as in our own. In short, the work of 

 the Bache corroborates in general the earlier temperature records; 

 but the salinities are a distinct addition to oceanography, there 



a For an excellent account of this phenomenon, see Schott (1912), p. 130. 



