and equipped, special shipboard instruments have been developed, and spe- 

 cialized technicians hired and trained. 



During 1971, a concerted regional baseline study was made to determine 

 current levels of suspected pollutants in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, the 

 Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea. Fish plankton, sediments, and water 

 were analyzed for heavy metals, chlorinated hydrocarbons, and petroleum- 

 derived hydrocarbons. The program has involved scientists from 17 domestic 

 universities, nonprofit and agency laboratories, as well as several laboratories 

 from abroad. The analytical result will be evaluated and interpreted at an 

 international NSF/IDOE-sponsored conference in May 1972 to provide 

 guidance for future marine pollution research. 



Research on processes responsible for the transfer of pollutants into and 

 within the marine environment was started during the past year ; it is a neces- 

 sary precursor to studies on the effects and fates of pollutants in the ocean. 



Environmental Forecasting 



Scientists in the Mid-Ocean Dynamics Experiment (MODE-I) will at- 

 tempt to describe and to formulate numerical models of medium-dynamic 

 processes, such as geostrophic eddies, and to understand their role in ocean 

 circulation and global climate. Over 25 theoreticians and field experimenters 

 from 10 universities. Government laboratories, and the Woods Hole Oceano- 

 graphic Institution in the United States and from the National Institute of 

 Oceanography and Cambridge University in England are participating. 



During the past year, they have concentrated on the theoretical design of 

 the Experiment and the development and procurement of instruments for 

 determining the water movement and density field in an experimental re- 

 gion south of Bermuda approximately 200 kilometers across and 5 kilometers 

 deep. The research fleet will consist of one British and three American ves- 

 sels. 



MODE.- I FIELD EXPERIMENT 



AIRCRAFT MASS TRANSPORT MEASURING 

 FLOATS. TEMPERATURE PROFILES 



SHIPS TEMPERATURE 

 PROFILES. DATA 

 RADIOED TO AND 

 FROM SHORE 



ACCOUSTICALLY 



TRACKED. 



FREE SUBSURFACE 



FLOATS 



ACCOUSTIC ARRAY 

 DATA TO SHORE 



SURFACE BUOYS 

 FIXED ARRAYS 



ELECTRODES MEASURING 

 GEOMAGNETIC ELECTROKINETIC 

 POTENTIAL MONITOR VARIATIONS 

 OF MEAN FLOW 



RECOVERABLE LAUNCHERS TRACK 

 EXPENDABLE UPWARD PROFILING FLOATS 



102 



