APPENDIX B— FEDERAL MARINE SCIENCE 

 ACTIVITIES BY AGENCY 



Department of Defense 



Department of Defense ocean programs support both military and 

 civil purposes. The programs of the Navy, the Defense Mapping 

 Agency, and the Advanced Research Projects Agency are directed to 

 meeting military requirements. The marine programs of the Army 

 Corps of Engineers fall in the civil-works category. 



Navy ocean science, engineering, and operational programs are 

 conducted at 50 academic institutions, 20 research laboratories, and 

 55 industrial activities, as well as many of the Navy's 41 R&D field 

 activities. Seagoing assets consist of 38 ships, of which 17 are at 

 universities, 4 are at Navy laboratories, 12 are at the Naval 

 Oceanographic Office, 1 is on loan to the National Science 

 Foundation, and 4 are on loan to foreign governments. Also there are 

 4 aircraft which are primarily used for ocean work. The Navy's 

 family of 10 deep submersible vehicles (DSV) provides a set of in situ 

 platforms for manned observations into the sea at depths up to 

 20,000 feet; 98 percent of the ocean floor is within this depth range. 



Since the conduct of oceanography is "big science", involving 

 major commitment of high-cost assets, the Navy attempts to 

 participate in cooperative programs wherever possible and 

 beneficial to Navy needs. This includes both domestic and foreign 

 oceanographic programs where pooling of resources can provide 

 results normally not available to a single agency. 



Last year the Defense Mapping Agency (DMA) was created to put 

 all DOD mapping, charting, and geodesy under one central agency. 

 The Naval Oceanographic Office (NAVOCEANO) transferred its 

 chart production and distribution capability to DMA, but the Navy 

 still has the responsibility for the acquisition of the survey data and 

 the development of related technology for the DMA. In addition, the 

 remaining portion of NAVOCEANO continues to conduct its applied 

 military oceanography work in providing the Fleet with operational 

 environmental data. 



As the capability of surveillance and detection systems increases 

 in both range and sensitivity, it is imperative that environmental 

 information for the Fleet be of equivalent quality to permit full use of 

 sensor capability. Consequently, the scale of Navy oceanographic 

 work has increased dramatically. This increase in scale and better 

 product distribution have been two of the most important challenges 

 for the Navy's ocean program. 



In ocean engineering the Navy is devoting much of its effort to the 

 development of technology and work systems for search, location, 

 classification, and recovery at great depths. The recently tested 



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