the prediction of the budgets, and operational parameters and 

 related variables. These experiments cover the entire Lake, coastal 

 regions, and the basin. Major projects deal with smaller scale natural 

 distribution and variability of water movement, chemistry and 

 biology, fisheries, and boundary layer. Water movement studies will 

 include analyses of physical properties, diagnostic models, 

 simulation models of lake and coastal circulation and diffusion, 

 internal waves, and surface waves. The chemistry and biology 

 project is investigating chemical and biological processes of the open 

 Lake and the inshore zone as well as processes in selected tributary 

 rivers. The concentration and distribution of a number of chemical 

 substances is being investigated, and biological studies are 

 determining the types, distributions, and amounts of phytoplankton, 

 zooplankton and benthos. These studies also are directed toward the 

 development of models for simulation purposes. A fisheries project 

 investigated the Lake Ontario fish stocks, species composition, 

 distribution, relative abundance, growth rates, and incidence of 

 lamprey predation. The boundary layer project is determining air- 

 water interface fluxes of heat, moisture, and momentum and is 

 undertaking parameterization studies of the boundary layer fluxes. 



A synthesis of Lake Ontario evaporation will be undertaken for 

 biweekly or monthly periods to assess Lake evaporation from 

 terrestrial water balance, atmospheric water balance, and Lake heat 

 balance estimates and from evaporation pan data and boundary 

 layer measurements. 



While the experimental approach has been given major emphasis 

 in IFYGL, water resource management requires improved prediction 

 of the hydrological and limnological variables which impact upon 

 the performance and costs of management alternatives. Modeling 

 and simulation projects are therefore included in IFYGL to develop 

 improved prediction of the limnological and hydrological 

 characteristics of Lake Ontario and the Ontario basin for resource 

 management purposes. The experimental projects are providing 

 data describing the variations that take place in the Lake and basin 

 and the scales of the temporal and spatial variability. These projects 

 also provide data to examine interrelationships between parameters 

 to analyze the reasons for observed changes. The goal is to develop 

 improved models to simulate the environment and to yield 

 information pertinent to meaningful water resource management 

 alternatives. 



OPERATIONS AND DATA ACQUISITION 



The data collection program of IFYGL is the most comprehensive 

 undertaken in any of the Great Lakes with regard to the network 



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